August 2024 - MARMAM - devlists.uvic.ca

U.S. Marine Mammal Commission Fiscal Year 2023 Funding Opportunity
by Dee Allen 10 Oct '24

10 Oct '24

The U.S. Marine Mammal Commission will be accepting proposals until Wednesday, April 12, 2023 for projects focused on understanding marine mammal population health in a changing climate. Funding requests are limited to $60,000 USD. Marine Mammal Health in a Changing Climate The Marine Mammal Commission's mission, as defined by the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), is to ensure that marine mammal populations are restored and maintained as significant functioning elements of healthy marine ecosystems. However, numerous stressors, including pollution, habitat loss, overfishing and fisheries bycatch, noise, and vessel traffic, threaten both the health of marine mammals and the health of marine ecosystems of which they are a part. In addition, climate change is leading to warming seas, extreme weather events, ocean acidification, and shifts in range and abundance of many marine species and infectious agents, all of which can disrupt ecosystem processes and function, including impacts on the health of marine mammals. For example, some viruses and bacteria that cause disease in marine mammals and other marine wildlife have increased in prevalence or been detected outside of their previously documented range; harmful algal blooms (HABs) that produce dangerous toxins have become more frequent and extensive; increased freshwater discharge from terrestrial sources has dropped salinity in coastal waters and led to marine mammal unusual mortality events; and changes in prey distribution, nutritional quality, or availability are impacting body condition, growth, reproduction, and survival of some marine mammal species. Monitoring the health of populations may provide an early warning of emerging issues prior to observable changes in vital rates or abundance, and may also provide insight into the underlying causes of a population decline. Increased capacity to detect changes in marine mammal population health and understand the underlying factors and processes contributing to those changes is critically needed to be prepared to respond to and mitigate impacts related to changing marine ecosystems, particularly in the face of climate change. We are seeking proposals for projects that: Further our understanding of how environmental factors affect marine mammal population health. In this context, we define "population health" as the distribution of health indicators or outcomes in a population or subset of a population. Health indicators could include a single measure or aggregate measure of body condition or energy stores, organ status, immune status, sublethal injury from trauma or human interaction, or infectious disease. Projects that use long-term data or archived time-series samples are welcome, as are prospective studies, or projects that provide innovative tools for assessing health indicators to support long-term surveillance into the future. We are particularly interested in learning about changes in population health driven by climate change, and encourage proposals that investigate how environmental factors that will be affected by a changing climate, such as prey availability or nutritional quality, HAB toxins, pathogens, temperature, or salinity, influence health of marine mammals. Proposals that increase the inclusion or representation of people from underserved groups in marine mammal research, management, or conservation are strongly encouraged. Eligibility: Applicants from both within the U.S. as well as outside the U.S. are eligible to apply, including both non-U.S. citizens and those affiliated with non-U.S. institutions. Proposal deadline: Wednesday, April 12th 2023 11:59pm EDT Applicant notification: by Monday, July 31st 2023 Proposals should be submitted electronically to the Marine Mammal Commission e-mail address: rpo(a)mmc.gov<mailto:rpo@mmc.gov>. Please be sure to reference both the Current Funding Opportunities as well as the Proposal Requirements web pages prior to submitting proposals. More details can be found on the Commission's webpages below: Current funding opportunities: https://www.mmc.gov/grants-and-research-survey/current-funding-opportunitie… Proposal requirements: https://www.mmc.gov/grants-and-research-survey/current-funding-opportunitie… Dee Allen Scientific Program Officer Marine Mammal Commission 4340 East-West Highway, Suite 700 Bethesda, MD 20814-4498 301-504-0087 dallen(a)mmc.gov<mailto:dallen@mmc.gov> Follow us on Twitter: @MarineMammalCom Visit us online: www.mmc.gov<http://www.mmc.gov/> The Marine Mammal Commission is an independent agency of the U.S. Government. [cid:image001.jpg@01D8EFB8.F3F96B60]

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Job opportunities in Maine, USA
by Summers, Erin L. 27 Sep '24

27 Sep '24

Hello Marmam Community! I wanted to let you know about new job opportunities at the Maine Department of Marine Resources (DMR) within the Division of Marine Mammal Research. All positions are open until May 1, 2024. They are listed as “Limited Period” but funding for them is expected through at least 2028. For more information on the positions and how to apply, please visit https://www.maine.gov/dmr/about-us/jobs or contact Erin Summers at erin.l.summers(a)maine.gov<mailto:erin.l.summers@maine.gov>. Marine Resource Scientist II – Survey Program Project Lead This position will be leading visual survey projects in the Gulf of Maine using boat-based and aerial survey methodologies. Surveys will be focused on documenting the distribution of North Atlantic right whales but will record other wildlife encountered by the surveys. Marine Resource Specialist II – Survey Program Research Assistant This position will be participating on visual survey projects in the Gulf of Maine using boat-based and aerial survey methodologies. Surveys will be focused on documenting the distribution of North Atlantic right whales but will record other wildlife encountered by the surveys. Marine Resource Scientist II – Habitat and Zooplankton Lead This position will be leading habitat and zooplankton sampling programs in the Gulf of Maine with the primary goal of understanding the dynamics of Calanus finmarchicus, the primary prey item for North Atlantic right whales in this region. Marine Resource Scientist I – Gear Team Research Project Lead This position will lead research projects on the DMR Gear Team focused on collecting data on alternative fishing gears, including on-demand or ropeless gear, and subsea gear location technologies on both agency and commercial fishing vessels. Marine Resource Specialist II (3 positions available) – Gear Team Field Technicians There are three positions available in this job classification on the DMR Gear Team. These positions will work directly in the field with commercial fishermen testing alternative, including on-demand or ropeless gear, collecting associated data, and providing training and demonstrations. Sent from Mail<https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=550986> for Windows

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Biological Scientist, Right Whale Aerial Observer, Florida
by Pitchford, Tom 30 Aug '24

30 Aug '24

Agency: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Working Title: OPS BIOLOGICAL SCIENTIST I - FWC - 77903035 Position Number: 77903035 Requisition No: 835069 Posting Closing Date: 09/17/2024 North Atlantic Right Whale Aerial Observer (Seasonal) Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) Fish and Wildlife Research Institute (FWRI) Section: Wildlife Research - Marine Mammals Job Location: St. Augustine, FL (St. Johns County) Rate of Pay: $20.00/hr; 40 hrs/week including weekends and holidays Direct link to job posting: https://jobs.myflorida.com/job-invite/835069/ Observer positions are temporary/seasonal and will not be eligible for participation in State Group insurance benefits. Anticipated start date is mid-November and anticipated end date for this position is 4/2/2025. Our organization: The FWC envisions a Florida where fish and wildlife are abundant and thriving in healthy and connected natural landscapes with vital working lands and waterways; where natural resources are valued and safely enjoyed by all; and wherein natural systems support vibrant human communities and a strong economy. Our Mission: Managing fish and wildlife resources for their long-term well-being and the benefit of people. Every organization has an identity that is forged not only by what it does, but by how it conducts itself. The values embedded in our mission and expressed in the vision of the FWC are to make quality decisions by being dynamic, science-informed, efficient, ethical, collaborative and committed to the vitality of the state and its environment. Minimum Qualifications: 4 years professional experience in a closely-related biological field or laboratory program is required. A bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university with a major in one of the biological sciences can substitute for the required experience Preferred Qualifications: Preference may be given to candidates with a bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university with a major in one of the biological sciences. Preference may also be given to candidates with previous aerial and/or marine mammal survey experience and practical knowledge of photo-identification techniques. Preference may also be given to candidates who demonstrate experience in database entry and hands-on experience with digital SLR cameras and lenses. Requirements: Employment is contingent upon a successful completion of Level 1 background check at no cost to the candidate prior to hire. Applicants are required to apply by completing a State of Florida Employment Profile online in People First. Additionally, applicants must include a cover letter highlighting their interest in the position and relevant qualifications, a resume or CV, and contact information for at least three professional references. When answering the qualifying questions, do not elaborate beyond the scope of the question. Position Overview and Responsibilities: The position is temporary/seasonal, contingent upon funding, and will not be eligible for participation in State Group insurance benefits. This position is expected to start mid-November (date TBD). Anticipated end date for this position is 4/2/2025. Applicants must be willing to regularly work weekends, holidays, and evenings. The position is based in St. Augustine, FL. FWC's Fish and Wildlife Research Institute (FWRI) conducts research and monitoring activities for right whales in the southeastern United States. Projects focus on vessel-strike mitigation and data collection for federal assessment of the status and recovery of the North Atlantic right whale population. Aerial surveys are flown daily, weather permitting, from December 1st through March 31st. North Atlantic right whale aerial observers collect in-flight survey data and right whale photo-documentation and assist with data entry, processing, and archival tasks as well as photo-identification. Observers provide ground support for the aerial survey crew and must communicate effectively with partner state and federal agencies and NGO representatives, as well as the general public. Observers assist with vessel surveys and genetic sampling efforts as well as field necropsies of right whales, large whale disentanglement, and documentation of large whale reports from the public as needed. Prior to the start of surveys, applicants will be required to attend and satisfactorily complete aircraft and marine safety and survival training as well as training to introduce the skills and responsibilities of an observer with FWC's North Atlantic right whale program. Knowledge, Skills and Abilities: Applicant must be able to: thrive in a small team environment and communicate effectively; establish and maintain successful working relationships; apply basic methods of data collection and field research; utilize problem solving techniques and work independently; excel under uncomfortable and mentally-demanding field conditions including a full day of observing while seated in a small aircraft or aboard a small vessel; swim sufficiently to save oneself; carry-out daily manual labor (able to vertically lift at least 50 lbs.); safely operate vehicles; and understand and correctly utilize applicable rules, regulations, and procedures. Why should I apply? The Benefits of Working for the State of Florida: *Eligible OPS positions and qualifying applicants may enjoy top-tier benefits offerings including comprehensive health coverage to meet the needs of you and your family while maintaining low deductibles and low monthly out-of-pocket contributions. Health Premiums $25.00- Single / $90.00- Family Biweekly Low Cost $25,000 Life Insurance OPS FICA Alternative Retirement Plan On the Job Trainings Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) For a more complete list of benefits, visit https://www.mybenefits.myflorida.com/. The State of Florida is an Equal Opportunity Employer/Affirmative Action Employer, and does not tolerate discrimination or violence in the workplace. Candidates requiring a reasonable accommodation, as defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act, must notify the agency hiring authority and/or People First Service Center (1-866-663-4735). Notification to the hiring authority must be made in advance to allow sufficient time to provide the accommodation. The State of Florida supports a Drug-Free workplace. All employees are subject to reasonable suspicion drug testing in accordance with Section 112.0455, F.S., Drug-Free Workplace Act.

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Seeking Photo-ID Right Whale intern
by Valerie Daniels 30 Aug '24

30 Aug '24

*Right Whale Ecology Program Photo-ID Internship* *Center for Coastal Studies (CCS), Provincetown, MA USA* The Center for Coastal Studies (CCS), a nonprofit institution dedicated to the understanding and protection of our coastal environment and marine ecosystems, is seeking a seasonal Right Whale Ecology Program vessel observer and photo-ID intern from January 06, 2025 through May 30, 2025. This long-term project focuses on documenting the abundance, distribution, and behavior of North Atlantic right whales and their food resource in Cape Cod Bay and adjacent Massachusetts waters. The intern will be the primary vessel observer for the project and will participate in research cruises up to four days a week. Fieldwork responsibilities include photographing critically endangered North Atlantic right whales, collecting behavioral and environmental data, recording other sighting events (species, vessels, and fishing gear), and working with a habitat research team both in the field and office. Office responsibilities include photo-analysis (downloading images, inputting sightings information, matching individuals to known animals using an online and in-house catalog), database entry and maintenance, assisting the aerial team, and maintaining vessel field equipment. *Minimum Requirements: * · Previous marine mammal survey experience, including background in species identification and photo-identification of large cetaceans; · Experience with digital SLR cameras, lenses, and filters; · Basic computer literacy and working knowledge of Microsoft Office programs (Excel, Word, PowerPoint); · Experience working on boats and ability to withstand harsh elements for up to 10 hours at a time; · Not prone to serious seasickness; · Ability to live and work well in a team; · Enthusiasm and willingness to learn field and lab-based research methods; · Strong attention to detail and ability to work well under pressure. *Preferred Qualifications: * · Bachelor’s degree, preferably in biological/environmental sciences; · Experience using iMatch image database software; · Experience with database entry and management; · Experience using GPS equipment; · Demonstrated ability to estimate object distance ranges from a vessel; · A valid US driver’s license. The successful applicant will be required to work a minimum of five full days per week and will need to be flexible for research cruises due to weather constraints. The intern will often collect data independently in the field; thus responsible, detail-oriented applicants are encouraged to apply. Applicants must be available for the full field season and must be willing to work weekends, holidays, and evenings as needed. Housing will be provided, as well as a $15 hourly rate of pay. International applicants must secure their own visas or other required documentation. CCS has a long history of conservation and research work with the North Atlantic right whale, and Cape Cod Bay has been a major critical habitat for around 50% of the estimated population in recent years. This is an excellent opportunity for anyone wishing to expand their skills in marine mammal survey techniques and will offer the successful applicant the unique chance to work with one of the world’s most endangered cetaceans. This internship will afford the successful applicant an invaluable opportunity to work within a well-established institution, with highly-qualified scientists, and to gain experience in photo-identification, matching, and data entry and analysis. Experience in oceanographic sampling can also be gained. Details of our work can be found on our website: http://coastalstudies.org/right <http://coastalstudies.org/right-whale-research/>- <http://coastalstudies.org/right-whale-research/>whale <http://coastalstudies.org/right-whale-research/>- <http://coastalstudies.org/right-whale-research/>research/ <http://coastalstudies.org/right-whale-research/> <http://coastalstudies.org/right-whale-research/> *How to Apply: * The application package should include the following as a single PDF: 1) Cover letter describing your specific interests in marine mammal science, internship qualifications, and how the experience would assist you in reaching career goals; 2) CV/resume; 3) The names and contact information of two references; 4) College transcripts, if applicable (unofficial are sufficient). Application materials must be e-mailed to: *employment(a)coastalstudies.org <employment(a)coastalstudies.org>* with the subject line: *2025 RW Photo-ID Internship*. *Deadline for submissions: September 20th, 2024.* *The Center for Coastal Studies is an Equal Opportunity Employer and encourages candidates of all backgrounds to apply. * *Diversity of opinions, experience, and backgrounds is a key asset. * Valerie Daniels Human Resources Manager Center for Coastal Studies 5 Holway Avenue Provincetown, MA 02657

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U.S. Marine Mammal Commission Fiscal Year 2025 Funding Opportunity
by RPO 29 Aug '24

29 Aug '24

Dear MARMAM community, The U.S. Marine Mammal Commission (Commission) is pleased to announce its Fiscal Year 2025 funding opportunity focused on the “Development of new tools or methods to improve marine mammal stock assessments”. Specifically, the Commission is seeking pre-proposals for projects designed to develop new tools, technologies, or methods to improve marine mammal stock assessments. Proposed projects must focus on the development of novel, low-cost approaches to, 1) estimate abundance of marine mammal stocks (populations or other management units), and/or 2) estimate marine mammal mortality and serious injury, including approaches to estimate unobserved mortality, or assign M/SI to a source. The Commission will be accepting pre-proposals until Monday, October 7th, 2025, 11:59 pm EDT. Applicants intending to apply to this funding opportunity must submit a pre-proposal briefly summarizing their proposed project. Pre-proposals must: * Demonstrate how the proposed work would contribute to science-based management and policy. * Be either applicable to marine mammal stocks that occur in U.S. waters (including transboundary stocks) or focus on marine mammal stocks occurring in areas where they may be subject to by-catch in foreign fisheries that export, or intend to export, seafood to the United States. Full proposals will only be accepted from those applicants invited to submit after the pre-proposal review. Invitations to submit a full proposal will be sent to applicants via email by Tuesday, November 5th, 2024. Funding requests are limited to $75,000 USD. More details on this funding opportunity, as well as deadlines, (pre-)proposal requirements, eligibility, and submission instructions, can be found on the Commission’s webpages below. Current funding opportunities: https://www.mmc.gov/grants-and-research-survey/current-funding-opportunitie… Proposal requirements: https://www.mmc.gov/grants-and-research-survey/current-funding-opportunitie… Dee Allen Scientific Program Officer Marine Mammal Commission 4340 East-West Highway, Suite 700 Bethesda, MD 20814-4498 301-504-0087 Follow us on Twitter: @MarineMammalCom Visit us online: www.mmc.gov<http://www.mmc.gov/> The Marine Mammal Commission is an independent agency of the U.S. Government.

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New publication: Proximity analysis between icebreakers and narwals in Tasiujaq, Nunavut, Canada (Mayette et al.)
by Alexandra Mayette 29 Aug '24

29 Aug '24

Dear marmam community, My co-authors and myself are pleased to share with you our new open access article titled "Proximity analysis between icebreakers and narwals in Tasiujaq, Nunavut, Canada", in the Journal of Wildlife Management. https://wildlife.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jwmg.22655 Abstract Icebreaker vessels in the Canadian Arctic are used to monitor and maintain open shipping lanes during summer and fall. Icebreaker operating routes often overlap with important habitats of endemic Arctic marine mammals, leading to potential interactions and disturbance. In this study, we examined the frequency, proximity, and duration of encounter events between narwhals (Monodon monoceros) and icebreaker vessels in Tasiujaq (Eclipse Sound), Nunavut, an important summering area for this species. We combined tracking data from 25 narwhals equipped with satellite telemetry devices in Tasiujaq between 2016 and 2018 with automatic identification system (AIS) data for the same period from 7 icebreaker vessels. We defined an encounter event between a narwhal and an icebreaker as the total consecutive occurrences of an individual within 50 km of a vessel within 1 hour. For all years combined, 17 out of 25 narwhals had at least 1 encounter with an icebreaker and all 7 icebreakers were involved in at least 1 encounter. The closest distance (closest point of approach) recorded was <1 km and the longest cumulative duration of encounter events for 1 narwhal with 1 icebreaker was 121.6 hours (n = 27 encounter events over 17 days). Proximity and continuous exposure of narwhals to high levels of noise are a key concern when considering short- and long-term effects on behavior and fitness of this species. Please reach out to me if you have any questions! Alexandra Mayette, MSc alexandra.mayette(a)gmail.com

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Job Posting - Regional Marine Mammal Stranding Coordinator for NOAA Fisheries in Honolulu, HI
by Adam Kurtz 29 Aug '24

29 Aug '24

Hi all: The announcement for our regional marine mammal stranding response coordinator is up. The position is based in Honolulu, HI. Below is a summary of the job responsibilities. https://www.usajobs.gov/job/806712700 This announcement is only open for a few days and closes next Thursday, September 5! Thanks! Adam Kurtz Marine Wildlife Management Coordinator Pacific Islands Regional Office Protected Resources Division NOAA Fisheries Summary of Job Responsibilities - Regional Stranding Coordinator, Pacific Islands Region This position serves as the Regional Stranding Coordinator (RSC) for the NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Region. The RSC ensures coordination of marine mammal stranding response across Hawai'i, American Samoa, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and works with NOAA island-specific coordinators on O'ahu, Maui, and Kaua'i. Under the MMPA, the RSC is designated with specific responsibilities including serving as the lead for developing and overseeing Stranding Agreements with external partners for marine mammal response, and receiving, evaluating, and preparing marine mammal parts authorization letters. The RSC also serves as the regional representative for national initiatives and grants, and as a point of contact with other agencies including the U.S. Coast Guard and Navy. A key aspect of the RSC’s work in the Pacific Islands Region will be to work closely with Native Hawaiian and Territorial partners to develop and increase partnerships and collaboration on marine mammal stranding response, particularly cetacean stranding response.

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FWC Marine Mammal Research Program seasonal position in Port Charlotte, FL
by Lugge, Molly 29 Aug '24

29 Aug '24

The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's Marine Mammal Research Program is hiring a seasonal position located in Port Charlotte, FL. The marine mammal team at the Charlotte Harbor Field Lab covers ten counties (Manatees: coastal and inland waterways of Sarasota County to Monroe County and inland to Glades/Hendry Counties; Cetaceans: Charlotte, Lee and Collier Counties) of southwest Florida. Knowledge, skills, job duties, minimum qualifications, and how to apply are included in the posting below. https://jobs.myflorida.com/job/PORT-CHARLOTTE-OPS-Biological-Scientist-I-77… Thanks, Molly R. Lugge Marine Mammal Biologist Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Fish and Wildlife Research Institute Southwest Field Lab 585 Prineville St Port Charlotte, FL 33954 Office: (941) 249-6559 Molly.Lugge(a)myFWC.com Manatee Hotline: 1-888-404-3922

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Manatee study:__request_for_survey_participants
by Harlow, Jaiere E. 28 Aug '24

28 Aug '24

Greetings, My name is Jaiere Harlow, and I am a second year PhD student studying Interdisciplinary Ecology at the University of Florida. My research focuses on the key factors influencing the Florida manatee's historic and current habitat, migratory patterns, and behavior (social and foraging). For one of my dissertation chapters, I am examining these aspects through a human dimensions lens by conducting surveys. The goal of my survey is to gain deeper understanding of the relationship between professional and public knowledge regarding the current challenges facing manatee populations in Central Florida, with emphasis in the Indian River Lagoon. This survey is targeted toward graduate students, professionals (i.e., state and government agency employees), other experienced individuals with substantial employment related to wildlife ecology and conservation and manatees/manatee conservation (i.e., eco tour guides), and the general public. Additionally, the survey aims to identify the knowledge gaps and misconceptions, if any, the public has about manatee conservation, to help improve participation of socioeconomic conservation efforts for increased support of the current (and future) manatee population. Whether you consider your knowledge of manatees limited or extensive, your participation will be highly valuable. It will help capture and reflect the impact of citizen science on manatee conservation efforts. These research findings could play a significant role in enhancing conservation strategies at both state and federal levels, contributing to the ongoing efforts to sustain and increase the manatee population in Florida. The survey will remain open for 14 days, so if you're unable to complete it today, please feel free to return to this email at your convenience to participate. I aim to gather data from as many participants as possible, so your participation will be very much appreciated. Below is the survey link. Thanks again so much! Survey link: https://ufl.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_5pwXBHPoB6Jkp1k Best, Jaiere Harlow PhD student School of Natural Resources and Environment Florida Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit University of Florida (630) 429-0499 - phone Jharlow1(a)ufl.edu<mailto:Jharlow1@ufl.edu> - email [cid:image001.png@01DAF898.1E26AEE0]

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New Publication: Dynamics of multilevel alliances in bottlenose dolphins with respect to an epizootic unusual mortality event
by Kristy Brightwell 28 Aug '24

28 Aug '24

Dear MARMAM, My co-authors and I are pleased to share our new publication titled: Dynamics of multilevel alliances in St. Johns River, Florida, Tamanend's bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops erebennus) with respect to an epizootic unusual mortality event. Brightwell, K. K., Krzyszczyk, E. B., & Gibson, Q. A. (2024). Dynamics of multilevel alliances in St. Johns River, Florida, Tamanend's bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops erebennus) with respect to an epizootic unusual mortality event. Marine Mammal Science, e13165. https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.13165 Abstract: Disturbance events can alter a community's association patterns, which can influence mating tactics. The St. Johns River (SJR) bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops erebennus) community was impacted by the 2013–2015 unusual mortality event (UME), caused by cetacean morbillivirus, through mortality and social network changes. We analyzed male alliance stability and behavior from April 2011 through March 2017 with respect to the UME. During the UME, 12 first-order alliance dyads ended due to a partner's death or disappearance. Alliance tactics varied: forming second-order alliances (n = 21 alliances; teams of first-order alliances), forming first-order alliances (n = 13 alliances) or remaining unallied after an alliance dissolved (n = 8 individuals). During- and post-UME, fewer allied males formed second-order alliances (55%) compared to pre-UME (68%). While the UME likely indirectly influenced alliance behavior through demographic changes, female presence and breeding season consistently influenced alliance associations and consortships (cooperatively flanking a female), indicating a reproductive function for SJR alliances. Increased consortships when a second-order partner was present suggests second-order alliances may provide consortship support against rival males. These results enhance our understanding of multilevel alliance reproductive benefits and demonstrate the adaptability of male mating tactics in response to disturbances resulting in demographic changes. Best, [WEST_FINAL updated green.png]<https://west-inc.com/> Environmental & Statistical Consultants . Kristy Brightwell Consulting Biologist, ESA Compliance Specialist (she/her) w: 307-996-8874<tel:307-996-8874> e: kbrightwell(a)west-inc.com<mailto:kbrightwell@west-inc.com> a: Remote Georgia, United States [cid:b384cb9f-3d7d-4876-a7ee-c010c0b81533]<https://west-inc.com/news-insights/news-events/> [cid:149d5597-c04a-45ad-845f-e0454cf8b9e7] <https://www.linkedin.com/company/westernecosystems/>

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