October 2021 - MARMAM - devlists.uvic.ca

JOB- FAU Harbor Branch Marine Mammal Stranding and Population Assessment Assistant
by Steve Burton 20 Dec '21

20 Dec '21

FAU Harbor Branch Marine Mammal Stranding and Population Assessment Assistant REQ09960 Position Summary: Florida Atlantic University is seeking a Marine Mammal Stranding and Population Assessment Assistant, Ft. Pierce, FL. With over 30,000 students from all 50 states and over 180 countries, 21 intercollegiate teams, 180 plus degree programs, and an administration that thrives on discovery and excellence, FAU is pushing the boundaries of higher education. Florida Atlantic's faculty and staff are trailblazers and innovators with a passion for finding creative solutions while advancing science, art, and technology in all disciplines. Our work environment is a hub of cultures from across the nation and the world, making FAU a place where collaboration flourishes. Summary of Responsibilities Include: * Performs as a NOAA NMFS authorized primary responder on marine mammal strandings and collects Level A stranding data, working in the field and office. * Performs as a co-investigator on population assessment permit. Duties include boat-based surveys, photo analysis, data entry and data QA/QC. * Assists with maintenance of vessels, vehicles and equipment used for operations. * Participates in on-call rotation with other members of the group. * Assists with curation of marine mammal tissue archives. * Participates in presentations or other outreach activities regarding stranding and population assessments. * Assists with necropsy facilities maintenance and management operations. * Minimum Qualifications: Bachelor of Science from an accredited institution in Biology, Environmental Sciences, or related field with one year of marine mammal stranding experience and related activities required. Appropriate college coursework may substitute at an equivalent rate for the required experience. Must have valid Florida driver’s license with acceptable driving record or the ability to obtain within 30 days of hire required. Successfully complete the USGS Motorboat Operator Certification (MOCC) within 6 months of hire required. Experience driving various vessels in coastal and offshore waters required. Comfortable driving large vehicles and towing boats required. Florida certificate of Boating Safety Education required or the ability to obtain within 30 days of hire required. Ability to become a NOAA NMFS primary responder on marine mammal stranding activities (Article 3 and 4) required within one year of hire. Ability to immediately be approved for NOAA NMFS primary responder is preferred. The ability to be able to work within a team and independently required. Experience with population assessment data collection, photo-ID boat surveys, photo analysis and database input preferred. Experience with Microsoft Office preferred. Excellent verbal and written communication skills are essential to success in this position. Salary: $16.76 - $21.07 per hour College or Department: Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute Location: Harbor Branch (HBOI) Work Days and Hours: Monday - Friday, 8 a.m. - 5 p.m. Ability to work flexible hours including on-call times on weeknights, weekends, and holidays to meet program objectives required as needed. Application Deadline: 2021-03-30-07:00 How to Apply Applications must be submitted electronically on the FAU Jobs site, www.fau.edu/jobs<http://www.fau.edu/jobs>. Special Instructions to Applicant: Individuals with disabilities requiring accommodation, please call 561-297-3057. 711 Preference in appointment will be given to eligible veterans, spouses of eligible veterans, and certain family members of eligible veterans, in accordance with Florida Statutes, Section 295.07. Please submit your DD214 (Member 4 preferred) showing your dates and character of service with your application as an attachment or fax to 561-297-3915 or scan and email to jobs(a)fau.edu, prior to the closing date of the position. If faxing your DD214, please also send an email to jobs(a)fau.edu to notify us that the form was faxed, make sure the email includes your name and the REQ# of the job that was applied to. Final candidate will be required to have official, sealed transcripts and original NACES evaluation, if applicable, sent from their educational institution to Human Resources prior to the start of employment. Successful completion of a background check, which may include a motor vehicle check, credit check, fingerprinting or additional screening, is required for the selected candidate prior to the start date. A resume and a cover letter are required for this position. Make sure to attach these required documents in the Attachments section of the application. Any missing required documents may result in disqualification. This position is funded with recurring grant funds with an expiration date on June 30, 2022. Renewal of funding is anticipated; however, not guaranteed.

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UF Spring online course - Aquatic Wildlife Health
by Larkin,Iskande (Iske) 08 Nov '21

08 Nov '21

Hi All, Registration is currently open for Spring 2020. The University of Florida, Aquatic Animal Health Program, is offering the following course for those that may be interested. Class begins Jan 6th and runs through Wednesday April 22nd. Registration will remain open until Friday, Jan 10th. Aquatic Wildlife Health Issues is an online course (3 credits) designed to introduce students (upper level undergraduate and graduate) and professionals (with an AA or higher degree) to the natural history, anatomy, physiology, behavior and common health issues of aquatic species: whales and dolphins, seals and sea lions, manatees, sea turtles, crocodilians, fish and invertebrates. For more information about the class or enrollment, contact Dr. Iskande Larkin (ivlarkin(a)ufl.edu)<mailto:ivlarkin@ufl.edu%29.*This> Sincerely, Dr Iske Larkin [Description: AAH logo blue E-Mail Sig] Iske V. Larkin, PhD Lecturer & Education Coordinator Interim Director Aquatic Animal Health Program Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida PO Box 100136 2015 SW 16th Ave Gainesville, Florida 32610 Office phone - 352-294-4095 Work cell - 352-494-1742 Fax - 352-392-8289 Program web page: http://aquatic.vetmed.ufl.edu<http://aquatic.vetmed.ufl.edu/> "To the world you might be one person, but to one person you might be the world." -Anonymous ________________________________ Please note that Florida has a broad public records law, and that all correspondence to or from University of Florida employees via email may be subject to disclosure.

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Senior Analyst ESA/MMPA Support Services Position
by BRUCE Morehead 03 Nov '21

03 Nov '21

Senior Analyst: ESA/MMPA SUPPORT SERVICES Ocean Associates, Inc. (OAI) is seeking a candidate to support the NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Office of Protected Resources (OPR) development and implementation of measures to reduce threats to right whales, and to assist OPR in other marine mammal management activities as required by the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and Endangered Species Act (ESA). OAI conducts research, offers policy advice, and provides personnel support services to government and industry clients for marine fisheries and protected species. DUTIES: * Lead the development of National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) documents (e.g., Environmental Assessment/Finding of No Significant Impact) related to marine mammal management measures for large whales, as needed. * Provide OPR general support by leading efforts to meet additional requirements of developing measures to reduce threats to large whales (with a focus on North Atlantic right whales) including, but not limited to, work related to the Paperwork Reduction Act, Executive Orders, the Coastal Zone Management Act, and the ESA (Section 7). * Work with OPR staff and others to develop outreach and enforcement strategies and associated materials as it relates to reducing threats to large whales (with a focus on right whales) including but not limited to handouts, website materials, visualizations, maps, videos, etc. * Support various working groups coordinated by the agency that address large whale conservation threats (with a focus on working groups dedicated to North Atlantic right whales). * Provide OPR support for MMPA and ESA related activities to conserve and protect marine mammals, including: developing protocols, guidelines, policies, and briefing material; responding to quick turn-around tasks, and media, public, and congressional inquiries; and coordinating management and research efforts. Start Date: As soon as possible Location: Silver Spring MD Salary and Benefits: This is a full-time position with benefits. Salary commensurate with experience REQUIRED SKILLS, KNOWLEDGE, AND EXPERIENCE * Bachelor’s degree in a related field with 3 years of relevant experience or Master’s degree with one year of relevant experience. * Experience implementing the MMPA, ESA, and/or NEPA. * Experience with technical writing, particularly as it relates to Government documents. * Strong knowledge of marine conservation issues, especially those relevant to marine mammals. * Strong coordination and communication skills. DESIRED SKILLS * Extensive knowledge of MMPA, ESA, and NEPA. * Extensive knowledge of marine conservation issues, especially those relevant to large whales * Familiarity with the Paperwork Reduction Act, applicable Executive Orders, and the Coastal Zone Management Act. * Familiarity with Geographic Information Systems, cartography, and graphic arts If you are interested in being considered for this position, please to: https://workforcenow.adp.com/mascsr/default/mdf/recruitment/recruitment.htm…

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SMM Editors' Select Series for November 16th: Patterns of mortality in endangered Cook Inlet beluga whales: Insights from pairing a long-term photo-identification study with stranding records
by Student Members-at-Large Society for Marine Mammalogy 30 Oct '21

30 Oct '21

Greetings MARMAM! Join us on *Tuesday, 16 November 2021 at 2 PM AKST (3 PM PDT / 10 PM UTC)* for the next SMM Seminar Editors' Select Series: Patterns of mortality in endangered Cook Inlet beluga whales: Insights from pairing a long-term photo-identification study with stranding records with Dr. Tamara McGuire of the Cook Inlet Beluga Whale Photo-ID Project. Free to attend. Registration required. Presented online on Zoom. Register here: https://us06web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_O7140C1TR7-CREClYeWLkw Space on Zoom is limited to the first 500 attendees. The talk will also be streamed live on the SMM Facebook page. *The SMM Seminar Editors' SelectSeries highlights the latest and most exciting marine mammal science published in the Marine Mammal Science Journal. This is your chance to engage with marine mammal scientists, learn and ask questions from anywhere in the world. All are welcome. * *About this talk:* To understand why endangered beluga whales in Cook Inlet Alaska are not recovering despite over a decade of legal protections, we need to understand recent demographic patterns and sources of the population’s mortality. We used photographic records of individually identified live belugas collected over 13 years and combined them with stranding data from belugas found dead during the same period to assess mortality patterns. Dead females and males were evenly represented. For both males and females, mortality rates were greatest in reproductive-aged adults, and there were no very-old adults. Live stranding was the most commonly assigned cause of death, but did not account for the majority of deaths. The cause(s) of most deaths and live strandings were undetermined. Our analysis advances the current understanding of mortality patterns in CIBWs, but linking a greater proportion of carcasses to photo-ID individuals and collecting more data from stranded carcasses would further improve our understanding of the causes of mortality in this population; we conclude with recommendations for achieving this. *About the presenter and co-authors:* *Dr. Tamara McGuire* is the Principal Investigator for the Cook Inlet Beluga Whale Photo-ID Project. She has studied marine mammals for over 25 years and is interested in habitat use, life history, behavior, and the effects of human activities on endangered and threatened aquatic species and their habitats. She has studied marine mammals in Alaska since 2006, and before that on the Oregon Coast and in the Orinoco and Amazon River Basins. She has worked with Federal, Tribal, and State agencies, NGOs, and private industry. She led the Cook Inlet Beluga Recovery Team and is an advocate for collaborative research. *Kim Shelden* is a marine biologist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration based at the Marine Mammal Laboratory of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center. She has worked for the Cetacean Assessment and Ecology Program since 1990 studying species present seasonally and year-round in Alaska waters including Cook Inlet belugas, North Pacific right whales, bowhead whales, gray whales, Pacific white-sided dolphins, and harbor porpoise. *Dr.Gina Himes Boor* is Assistant Research Professor in the Ecology Department Montana State University. Her research focuses on developing models to better understand the demographic and spatial-use patterns that contribute to the decline and recovery of imperiled species. *Amber Stephens* has studied marine mammals since 1998, including beluga whales, Steller sea lions, harbor seals, narwhals, and Pacific walrus. A CI on the CIBW Photo-ID Project, her responsibilities include cataloging, field work, public outreach, and website management. *John McClung* joined the Cook Inlet Beluga Whale Photo-ID Project in 2017 and has over ten years of photo-identification experience of cetaceans including humpback whales,melon-headed whales, and belugas. Prior to receiving his MS in wildlife science from Oregon State University, he served 26 years in the U.S. Air Force. *Christopher Garner* is a biologist for the Department of Defense at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson. He has studied beluga and harbor porpoise in upper Cook Inlet since 2001 with emphasis on beluga ecology within rivers emptying into a hypertidal region as well as the effects of military activity on marine mammals and their prey. *Dr. Carrie Goertz* is the Director of Animal Health at the Alaska SeaLife Center where she oversees veterinary care for animals in the aquarium and out in the field, working with sea birds, fish, invertebrates, sea otters, seals, sea lions, beluga, and other marine animals. *Dr. Kathy Burek Huntington* has been the pathologist for the Alaska stranding program and in particular for the Cook Inlet belugas for 23 years and works collaboratively with the rest of the stranding network throughout Alaska. She is particularly interested in emerging pathogens, harmful algal bloom toxins, pathology, the intersections of these topics with climate change, and mentoring young scientists in pathology. *Dr. Greg O’Corry-Crowe* is a behavioral ecologist and geneticist focused on marine mammals and conservation. He runs the Wildlife Evolution andBehavior (WEB) program at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute and is a research professor at Florida Atlantic University. *Bruce Wright* is an ecologist with the Knik Tribe whose work focuses on Alaska marine and terrestrial top predators. Best regards, Eric Angel Ramos, Ph.D. Candidate *Ayça Eleman, Ph.D. *Candidate *Theresa-Anne Tatom-Naecker, Ph.D. Student* *Student Members-at-Large* Society for Marine Mammalogy

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New publication on feeding humpback whales in low latitudes of the SE Pacific
by Ana M Garcia Cegarra 30 Oct '21

30 Oct '21

Dear colleagues, On-behalf of my co-authors I am pleased to share our new publication in Neotropical Biodiversity regarding feeding of humpback whales in low latitudes of the SE Pacific Ocean Garcia-Cegarra, A.M., C. Castro, K. Van Waerebeek (2021). Feeding of humpback whales in low latitudes of the Southeast Pacific Ocean. Neotropical Biodiversity 7(1), 421-430. Access the article: https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1971041 Abstract: Humpback whales perform long migrations from their breeding and nursing areas at low latitudes to feeding grounds at high latitudes. Nonetheless, this strictly dichotomous paradigm of migration is challenged by accumulating examples of occasional or regular feeding at low latitudes for several stocks worldwide. Here, we report multiple evidences of “Stock G” humpback whales feeding in coastal waters, at low latitudes of the Southeast Pacific Ocean. Lunge feeding behavior and defecation were observed in Ecuador, while both lunge- and trap feeding in pursuit of Peruvian anchovy was documented in northern Chile. A photographically re-sighted individual feeding at different latitudes of Chile suggested potential site fidelity to two foraging areas. Whether these feeding behaviours are novel due to changes in prey distribution, intensifying competition from a growing humpback whale population, or simply reflect vastly increased research effort remains unknown. Further research into the feeding ecology of Stock G should help reveal historic and potentially new feeding grounds, prey composition and precise migration paths. Competition from anchovy fisheries, vessel collision and net entanglement are suspected threats. A free copy can be obtained from the Neotrpical Biodiversity web: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23766808.2021.1971041 All the best Ana PhD. Ana M. Garcia-Cegarra *Marine Fauna Research Center (CIFAMAC)* *Chile* *Instagram: @CIFAMACCHILE * *Web: **https://cifamac-chile.weebly.com/* <https://cifamac-chile.weebly.com/>

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Marine Rescue Job
by Peter Wallerstein 29 Oct '21

29 Oct '21

JOB OPPORTUNITY WITH MARNE ANIMAL RESCUE SPECIALISTS Marine Animal Rescue Specialists (MAR) is authorized by the National Marine Fisheries Service for pinniped and dolphin rescues along with whale dis-entanglement calls. Over the past three decades MAR has conducted 5,500 marine mammal rescues. www.marspecialists.org <http://www.marspecialists.org/> You must have pinniped, especially sea lion rescue experience to apply. This is mandatory1 POSITION: MARINE ANIMAL RESCUE SPECIALIST LOCATION: MAR’s authorized territory is Los Angeles County from Pacific Palisades to Long Beach and west to Catalina, California. HOURS: 8 HOURS PER DAY 2 DAYS PER WEEK Be prepared to work long days from January to June. SALARY: Commensurate with experience and skills JOB DESCRIPTION: Must be available five days a week, 8 hours per day for response, rescue and transportation of - jetties, docks and other common as well as uncommon stranding locations, and to learn the proper use of specialized marine animal rescue, transportation and safety equipment. Must be able to work in cooperation with local agencies and volunteers and be responsible to know all local, state and Federal laws pertaining to the rescuing of marine animals. START: Within a couple of months REFERENCES AND REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS · Provide background/references · A valid drivers license with no points · Minimum one year experience in rescuing seals and sea lions · Must correctly identify local marine animal species along with knowledge of birthing seasons and natural behaviors of marine animals · Some animal-related emergency medical experience · Must meet challenging physical fitness requirements · 24 hour Hazwhoper certificate · Small boat handling · Able to drive 4WD Pickup truck in sandy conditions OTHER REQUIRED RESPONSIBILITIES: · Maintain rescue and transportation equipment · Responsible for school visits · Must be enthusiastic with good communication skills and be able to work with others, including Coast Guard, Lifeguards, Police, etc. · When on-call, must answer calls promptly · Must pass County Beach Safety Driving Course · Coordinate volunteers MAR is looking for committed individuals who would like to make rescuing marine animals a career. Training will be provided by MAR to ensure continued high level of response for any marine animal calls. MAR will not consider candidates looking for a temporary position. Long-term applicants will be the only ones considered. Send in your cover letter, resume and references to the email address below. Contact: Peter Wallerstein, pw@marspecialists. <mailto:pw@marspecialists.org> www.marspecialists.org <http://www.marspecialists.org/>

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Manatee internship-Tequesta, FL
by Faucett, Blake 29 Oct '21

29 Oct '21

Manatee Internships-Blake Faucett The southeast manatee field station is currently seeking candidates for one Winter 2022 internship! Interns will assist with manatee rescue, carcass salvage, and research in South Florida. The Southeast Field lab is offering one internship: one 6-month term from January 2022-July 2022. The expected start date for the internship is flexible if a later start date is needed. Duration of internship is flexible if duration of internship does not work with availability, but 6 months is preferred. Working hours are typically 9 a.m.-5 p.m., 40 hours a week, with some nights and weekends required. The position is in Tequesta (east coast of Florida, just north of Palm Beach). The intern's duties include assisting with manatee rescue, carcass salvage, and research in South Florida. Interns will assist with manatee field necropsies, temperature monitoring research, and conduct manatee photo ID. Interns will also complete mortality/rescue reports, assist with other computer work, and participate in public outreach as needed. To perform the duties of the position, interns will operate trucks, trailers, and boats up to 22' in length. The intern is required to complete a project and present a 10-15 minute presentation at the end of their internship. Qualifications: Junior or senior college students and recent graduates are eligible. Applicants should have some research field experience; be able to drive large trucks; be computer literate; be comfortable speaking to the public; and be proficient in the use of digital cameras, telephoto lenses, and filters. Previous animal-handling experience is preferred. Ability to trailer flatbeds and boats, as well as operate watercraft up to 22' in length is desirable. Interns must possess a valid driver's license, be able to lift 50 pounds, and be able to swim. Applicants should understand that this internship will require them to be wet, dirty, and outdoors in all weather conditions. This internship is unpaid. Housing options can be discussed. Interns must provide their own transportation to and from the field station. If you are interested in applying for an internship with the Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, the following information is required: § A cover letter describing area(s) of interest and the dates, days, and hours of availability § A résumé describing training and experience § A list of three references § An unofficial copy of your academic transcript Please send these items as e-mail attachments to: Interns(a)MyFWC.com<mailto:Interns@MyFWC.com> Or mail hard copies to: Internship Coordinator Fish and Wildlife Research Institute 100 Eighth Avenue SE St. Petersburg, FL 33701-5020 https://myfwc.com/research/manatee/research/internships/se-fl-intern/

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Seeking volunteers for online small cetacean bycatch research project
by Clear, Niki 29 Oct '21

29 Oct '21

Dear MARMAM community, The University of Exeter and Cornwall Wildlife Trust is conducting a research citizen science project to develop and test a diagnosis tool for detecting bycatch in stranded cetaceans using external features, such as encircling marks and other wounds. We are investigating whether it’s possible for trained individuals to diagnose bycatch to a high degree of certainty using only external features and to create a diagnostic system to investigate bycatch in stranded small cetaceans, where a post-mortem examination is not possible. We are looking for volunteers to participate in this research project to help us generate data by examining photos of strandings and identifying possible bycatch features. Volunteers will be given access to online training in the skills of identifying bycatch features on stranded cetaceans. Using your new skills, you can examine real strandings cases through the website to determine whether they were bycaught or not, all from the comfort of your own home. We will use the data you generate to develop and test this new bycatch diagnostic method. We are looking for volunteers with any level of experience and can be based anywhere, but you will need to; * Be over 18 years old * Be able to commit at least 5 hours to the project * Have access to the internet and a laptop or desktop computer * Understand written English What will you gain? Involvement in this project is entirely voluntary, you will gain training and experience examining small cetacean strandings by examining detailed photographs through a web-based system. Volunteering is entirely home-based and can be done in your own time. This is a service/citizen science project, and unfortunately, there are no compensation or college credits available for volunteers. If you would like to learn more about the project and sign up as a volunteer – bycatchproject.co.uk<https://bycatchproject.co.uk/> Many thanks Niki Clear, on behalf of the project team and partners Masters by Research Student nc461(a)exeter.ac.uk College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter

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New publication on laterality in foraging finless porpoises
by masao amano 28 Oct '21

28 Oct '21

Dear colleagues, On behalf of my co-authors, I am pleased to announce our new publication in Scientific Reports. Amano, M., Y. Kawano, T. Kubo, T. Kuwahara, and H. Kobayashi. 2021. Population-level laterality in foraging finless porpoises. Scientific Reports 11:21164. The article is open access and can be found here: https://rdcu.be/cAgIU Abstract Laterality has been reported in many vertebrates, and asymmetrical cerebral hemisphere function has been hypothesized to cause a left‑bias in social behavior and a right‑bias in feeding behavior. In this paper, we provide the first report of behavioral laterality in free‑ranging finless porpoises, which seems to support the aforementioned hypothesis. We observed the turning behavior of finless porpoises in Omura Bay, Japan, using land‑based and unmanned aerial system observations. We found a strong tendency in finless porpoises to turn counterclockwise with their right side down when pursuing and catching fish at the surface of the water. Our results suggest that this population of finless porpoises shows consistent right‑biased laterality. Right‑biased laterality has been observed in various foraging cetaceans and is usually explained by the dominance of the right eye‑left cerebral hemisphere in prey recognition; however, right‑biased laterality in foraging cetaceans may have multiple causes. Best regards, Masao Amano Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University

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New paper on repeated adaptation in common bottlenose dolphins
by Marie Louis 28 Oct '21

28 Oct '21

Dear all, We are pleased to share our publication: M. Louis, M. Galimberti, F. Archer, S. Berrow, A. Brownlow, R. Fallon, M. Nykanen, J. O’Brien, K. M. Roberston, P. E. Rosel, B. Simon-Bouhet, D. Wegmann, M. C. Fontaine*, A. D. Foote*, O. E. Gaggiotti*, Selection on ancestral genetic variation fuels repeated ecotype formation in bottlenose dolphins. Sci. Adv. 7, eabg1245 (2021). *these authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract Studying repeated adaptation can provide insights into the mechanisms allowing species to adapt to novel environments. Here, we investigate repeated evolution driven by habitat specialization in the common bottlenose dolphin. Parapatric pelagic and coastal ecotypes of common bottlenose dolphins have repeatedly formed across the oceans. Analyzing whole genomes of 57 individuals, we find that ecotype evolution involved a complex reticulated evolutionary history. We find parallel linked selection acted upon ancient alleles in geographically distant coastal populations, which were present as standing genetic variation in the pelagic populations. Candidate loci evolving under parallel linked selection were found in ancient tracts, suggesting recurrent bouts of selection through time. Therefore, despite the constraints of small effective population size and long generation time on the efficacy of selection, repeated adaptation in long-lived social species can be driven by a combination of ecological opportunities and selection acting on ancestral standing genetic variation. The article is available at: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abg1245 [https://www.science.org/cms/asset/b1b35074-c279-4a37-84af-3115a99c1cfb/keyi…]<https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abg1245> Selection on ancestral genetic variation fuels repeated ecotype formation in bottlenose dolphins<https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abg1245> Old genetic variants were key to the ability of bottlenose dolphins to repeatedly adapt to coastal waters across the world. www.science.org On behalf of all co-authors, Marie

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