July 2018 - MARMAM - devlists.uvic.ca

Arctic marine mammal image/video request to support live broadcasts from sea
by Holly Morin 19 Jul '18

19 Jul '18

From August 23 - September 13, 2018, the University of Rhode Island's Inner Space Center (innerspacecenter.org) with major funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation and additional support from the Heising-Simons Foundation, will conduct a landmark expedition into the Arctic as part of the innovative Northwest Passage Project (NPP; https://northwestpassageproject.org/ <https://northwestpassageproject.org/>). The NPP is a collaborative effort between the University of Rhode Island (URI), Inner Space Center (ISC), and the Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO), the film company, David Clark, Inc., One Ocean Expeditions, and several other collaborators, including five U.S. universities that are classified as Minority Serving Institutions (MSIs). The expedition, with a team of natural and social scientists, students, and a professional film crew, will take place aboard One Ocean Expeditions' state-of-art, ice-class research vessel Akademik Ioffe. Using of a suite of oceanographic instruments throughout the ship's 22-day transit, the NPP team will collect water, ice, and air samples to advance understanding of and document the effect climate change is having on the environment and biodiversity in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Data collected will help fill significant gaps in critical scientific data about the region. During the expedition, NPP participants will travel south and west from Resolute Bay to Cambridge Bay via Bellot Strait, returning to Lancaster Sound and Pond Inlet before traveling down the east side of Baffin Island, with several stops along the way. In addition to participating in onboard research efforts, student participants will also receive science content instruction as the ship is underway, partake in field site visits, and contribute to live broadcasts from the Northwest Passage. Many of these students will be from underserved, minority groups (including local Inuit students from the Arctic), and thus, one of the goals of this project is to garner an interest and passion for the ocean/environment as well as inspire these students to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, math (STEM). In addition to the educational goals of this innovative expedition, diverse audiences will be engaged through real time interactions from sea, an ultra-high definition, 2-hour documentary, and related community events. The ISC Production team is currently seeking media assets (videos and/or still images) of Arctic marine life (especially marine mammals) and environments to support the interactive broadcasts we will be conducting, in real time, with the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Alaska SeaLife Center, and Exploratorium, as well as Facebook Live. As a member of this production team, and the host of these interactive broadcasts, I wanted to poll the MARMAM community to see if there are groups, labs, organizations, etc. with assets to share that could be used for our production purposes. Full credit will be given to those individuals/groups that provide any media assets; acknowledgement of media contributions will, of course, be made in credits for any production pieces. I am happy to answer any questions you might have about the NPP and look forward to hearing from you soon. For more information on the project, you can also refer to this press release <https://eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-06/tca-sst061218.php>. Regards, Holly Morin ******************************* Holly Morin Marine Biologist/Education Specialist URI/GSO/ISC South Ferry Rd. GSO Box 58 Narragansett, RI 02882 (401) 874-6414 holly_morin(a)uri.edu

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New publication: Inter-individual differences in contamination profiles as a tracer of social group association in stranded sperm whales
by van Neer, Abbo 19 Jul '18

19 Jul '18

Dear MARMAM community, on behalf of our multi-national team, we would like to announce the publication of our new paper on the use of contaminant profiles as an indicator for social group association of young male sperm whales stranded in 2016 in the North Sea. Schnitzler, J. G., Pinzone, M., Autenrieth, M., van Neer, A., IJsseldijk, L. L., Barber, J. L., Deaville, R., Jepson, P., Brownlow, A., Schaffeld, T., Thomé, J.-P., Tiedemann, R., Das, K., & Siebert, U. (2018) Inter-individual differences in contamination profiles as tracer of social group association in stranded sperm whales. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 10958. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29186-z Abstract: Ecological and physiological factors lead to different contamination patterns in individual marine mammals. The objective of the present study was to assess whether variations in contamination profiles are indicative of social structures of young male sperm whales as they might reflect a variation in feeding preferences and/or in utilized feeding grounds. We used a total of 61 variables associated with organic compounds and trace element concentrations measured in muscle, liver, kidney and blubber gained from 24 sperm whales that stranded in the North Sea in January and February 2016. Combining contaminant and genetic data, there is evidence for at least two cohorts with different origin among these stranded sperm whales; one from the Canary Island region and one from the northern part of the Atlantic. While genetic data unravel relatedness and kinship, contamination data integrate over areas, where animals occured during their lifetime. Especially in long-lived animals with a large migratory potential, as sperm whales, contamination data may carry highly relevant information about aggregation through time and space. Follow the link below for a copy of this paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-29186-z All the best on behalf of all authors Abbo van Neer ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abbo van Neer University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW) Werftstr. 6 25761 Büsum Germany ☏ +49 5 11 - 8 56 - 81 62 Fax: +49 5 11 - 8 56 - 81 81 abbo.van.neer(a)tiho-hannover.de<mailto:abbo.van.neer@tiho-hannover.de> https://www.tiho-hannover.de/itaw SAVE FORESTS - Please do not print this e-mail unless absolutely necessary

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New publication: Heaviside's dolphins (Cephalorhynchus heavisidii) relax acoustic crypsis to increase communication range
by Morgan J. Martin 19 Jul '18

19 Jul '18

Dear Colleagues, We are pleased to announce our recent publication on Heaviside's dolphin acoustic signals in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B: * Martin MJ, Gridley T, Elwen SH, Jensen FH. (2018) Heaviside’s dolphins (Cephalorhynchus heavisidii) relax acoustic crypsis to increase communication range. Proc. R. Soc. B 285: 20181178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1178 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1178> * Abstract: The costs of predation may exert significant pressure on the mode of communication used by an animal, and many species balance the benefits of communication (e.g. mate attraction) against the potential risk of predation. Four groups of toothed whales have independently evolved narrowband high-frequency (NBHF) echolocation signals. These signals help NBHF species avoid predation through acoustic crypsis by echolocating and communicating at frequencies inaudible to predators such as mammal-eating killer whales. Heaviside's dolphins (*Cephalorhynchus heavisidii*) are thought to exclusively produce NBHF echolocation clicks with a centroid frequency around 125 kHz and little to no energy below 100 kHz. To test this, we recorded wild Heaviside's dolphins in a sheltered bay in Namibia. We demonstrate that Heaviside's dolphins produce a second type of click with lower frequency and broader bandwidth in a frequency range that is audible to killer whales. These clicks are used in burst-pulses and occasional click series but not foraging buzzes. We evaluate three different hypotheses and conclude that the most likely benefit of these clicks is to decrease transmission directivity and increase conspecific communication range. The expected increase in active space depends on background noise but ranges from 2.5 (Wenz Sea State 6) to 5 times (Wenz Sea State 1) the active space of NBHF signals. This dual click strategy therefore allows these social dolphins to maintain acoustic crypsis during navigation and foraging, and to selectively relax their crypsis to facilitate communication with conspecifics. This paper can be accessed at: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/ content/285/1883/20181178.full Please contact me if you would like a PDF copy. Happy reading! Sincerely and on behalf of all authors, Morgan J. Martin

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New publication on harbour porpoise conservation
by IJsseldijk, L.L. (Lonneke) 18 Jul '18

18 Jul '18

Dear all, My coauthors and I would like to announce the following publication in journal of Marine Policy: Crossing boundaries for cetacean conservation: Setting research priorities to guide management of harbour porpoises Lonneke L. IJsseldijk, Mariel T.I. ten Doeschate, Nicholas J. Davison, Andrea Gröne & Andrew C. Brownlow Abstract: Effective management of natural resources involves a multidisciplinary perspective to address complex issues in data poor-environments. With mobile species that do not conform to human-defined borders a cross-boundary approach is essential. There is a continuing concern of ecological sustainability of marine environments, which demands monitoring of ecosystem indicators. Such indicators are increasingly derived from monitoring sentinel species. Harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) are included as indicator species in several national and international agreements. Increasing exposure to anthropogenic stressors may impact harbour porpoise populations. To investigate these risks, a better understanding of threats and their effect is required. This study aimed to identify current knowledge gaps, to predict future pressures or threats, and to define useful conservation indicators to facilitate future research on harbour porpoises in the North Sea, through expert elicitation gained in a two-round Delphi approach. The three most important knowledge gaps addressed were bycatch, population dynamics, and the cumulative effects of multiple stressors. Bycatch was predicted as the highest concern for porpoises in the next 20 years, followed by chemical and noise pollution, respectively. A list of essential indicators aiming to increase understanding of harbour porpoises' health status was established and studying causes of death, distribution, abundance, habitat use and diet composition were scored as most relevant. These results should guide research focus and management objectives of harbour porpoise populations and the study design could be translated to serve managers in other geographical areas aiming to identify knowledge gaps and defining research priorities for other wildlife species. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.07.006 The full text can be downloaded here: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X18301799#bib28 For those unable to access the publication, I would be happy to provide the PDF file. Kind regards, Lonneke IJsseldijk Lonneke L. IJsseldijk, MSc Project Manager Cetacean Research Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University Department of Pathobiology T +31 30 253 5312, M +31 6 244 556 98 Website: http://www.uu.nl/strandingsonderzoek Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/strandingresearch/

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PhD Opportunity
by Debbie Russell 18 Jul '18

18 Jul '18

Please see below details of a funded PhD based at the University of Abertay, Scotland and in collaboration with the Sea Mammal Research Unit, University of St Andrews. Application closing date: 23rd July. Seals as sentinels of antimicrobial resistance Abertay University, through its R-LINCS scheme, offers a fully funded PhD studentship. This encompasses an RCUK-equivalent stipend, registration fees and support equipment and travel funds. The project involves processing and analysis of samples from seals to determine their antimicrobial resistance gene (AMRG) content. Tracking data from the same animals will then be used to generate a spatial model to help understand potential AMRG reservoirs and routes of dissemination in these marine mammals. The prospective student will benefit from supervision under academic staff from the Division of Science within the School of Science, Engineering and Technology, who have expertise in molecular biology, microbiology and seal physiology, and from the Sea Mammal Research Unit (SMRU) at the University of St Andrews, who have expertise in seal tracking and spatial ecology. The project offers an opportunity to develop a wide range of knowledge and skills, ranging from molecular microbiology through to spatial ecology, using our dedicated molecular microbiology labs and equipment. Although based at Abertay University (Dundee), the student will have the opportunity to engage in environmental sample collection and data analysis with Dr. Debbie Russell and colleagues at the SMRU at the University of St Andrews. https://ce0173li.webitrent.com/ce0173li_webrecruitment/wrd/run/ETREC107GF.o… Best wishes Debbie Russell *********************************************** Dr Debbie Russell Sea Mammal Research Unit (SMRU) Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling (CREEM) Postal Address: SMRU Scottish Oceans Institute University of St Andrews KY16 8LB Tel (SMRU): +44 (0)1334 467281 Tel (CREEM; Wednesdays): +44 (0)1334 461808 Twitter: @_SMRU_ *********************************************** The University of St Andrews is a charity registered in Scotland : No SC013532

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New Publication - Social relationships and death-related behaviour in aquatic mammals: a systematic review
by Chiara Giulia Bertulli 18 Jul '18

18 Jul '18

Dear MARMAM community, My co-authors and I are pleased to announce our recent publication in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, theme issue "Evolutionary thanatology: impacts of the dead on the living in humans and other animals": Melissa A. L. V. Reggente, Elena Papale, Niall McGinty, Lavinia Eddy, Giuseppe Andrea de Lucia, Chiara Giulia Bertulli. 2018. *Social relationships and death-related behaviour in aquatic mammals: a systematic review*. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 373: 20170260; doi:*10.1098/rstb.2017.0260 <http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7050169>* Abstract: http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/373/1754/20170260 Theme issue table of content: http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/373/1754 *Abstract:* Some aquatic mammals appear to care for their dead, whereas others abandon their live offspring when conditions are unfavourable. This incredible variety in behaviours suggests the importance of comparing and contrasting mechanisms driving death-related behaviours among these species. We reviewed 106 cases of aquatic mammals (81 cetaceans and 25 non-cetaceans) reacting to a death event, and extrapolated ‘participant’ (*age class*, *sex*, *relationship* and *decomposition*) and ‘social’ characteristics ( *escorting*, *calf dependence*, *alloparental care*, *herding* and *dispersal patterns*) from published and unpublished literature. A multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was performed to explore the relationships between these characteristics and death-related behaviours, with species clustered based on MCA scores. Results showed that both cetaceans and non-cetaceans react to death but in different ways. Non-cetaceans, characterized by a short maternal investment, were observed to protect the dead (defending it from external attacks), while cetaceans spent much longer with their offspring and display carrying (hauling, spinning, mouthing with the carcass and diving with it) and breathing-related (lifting and sinking the carcass) activities with the dead generally in association with other conspecifics. Our work emphasizes the need of increased documentation of death-related cases around the world to improve our understanding of aquatic mammals and their responses to death. Please contact me for a private pdf copy of this paper. All the best and on behalf of all authors, Chiara Giulia Bertulli Dr Chiara Giulia Bertulli Sightings Officer Sea Watch Foundation +44 (0) 1545 561227 www.seawatchfoundation.org.uk ResearchGate www.researchgate.net/profile/Chiara_Bertulli/contributions -- Dr Chiara Giulia Bertulli Sightings Officer Sea Watch Foundation +44 (0) 1545 561227www.seawatchfoundation.org.uk ResearchGatewww.researchgate.net/profile/Chiara_Bertulli/contributions

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World Whale Conference, Hervey Bay, Australia | 7 - 11 October, 2019
by Dylan Walker 18 Jul '18

18 Jul '18

Dear Marmamers, We are excited to announce that the 2019 World Whale Conference (7-9 October) and Whale Heritage Sites Summit (10-11 October) will take place in Hervey Bay, Queensland, Australia. The event will be hosted by Fraser Coast Tourism and Events <https://www.whalesherveybay.com.au/World-Whale-Conference-2019> and the World Cetacean Alliance <http://worldcetaceanalliance.org/>. Learn more here <https://www.whalesherveybay.com.au/World-Whale-Conference-2019>. In the lead up to the first World Whale Conference ever to be held in Oceania, the World Cetacean Alliance is contacting people working with and interested in cetaceans across Oceania and beyond to ask for your views on how the conference can be most useful to you! TAKE THE SURVEY Please help us make this a conference that you really would benefit from attending by completing our short questionnaire: https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/whaleconferenceideas *WHAT'S HAPPENING?* The theme of the Conference and Summit is 'Journeys that Inspire Change.' Topics will include: 1. Understanding whale migrations and their significance for marine conservation; 2. Promoting sustainable whale and dolphin tourism for tourists and local communities; 3. Exploring our cultural and artistic connections with migrating whales; 4. Maximising the power of cetaceans to inspire positive human behaviour change to protect our oceans. Delegates will hear from speakers, and discuss and share evidence, to better understand how we can improve and ensure the protection of cetaceans in Oceania and worldwide. In addition, delegates will participate in themed workshops and share ideas and best practice on the work already underway to protect cetaceans through the WCA partnership and beyond, focusing on tourism, cultural heritage, research, and marine conservation. *WHALE HERITAGE SITES SUMMIT AND AWARDS!* The Whale Heritage Sites Summit (10-11 October) will showcase destinations, businesses, charities, events, and communities leading the way in marine conservation, community engagement, and sustainable development. Awards will be given to world-leading initiatives in front of representatives from tourist destinations, international institutions and the private sector, along with global experts in tourism, sustainability, the arts, marine conservation, scientific research and commercial whale watching. Delegates will then discuss and explore opportunities for the development and promotion of new sites, and networks of sites, worldwide. WHAT IS WCA? The World Cetacean Alliance (WCA) is a Partnership of over 100 organisations and individuals in 40 countries worldwide working collaboratively to protect cetaceans and their habitats. AND FINALLY... We welcome your thoughts and feedback, and hope to see you in Hervey Bay in 2019! With best wishes, *Dylan Walker*Chief Executive Officer *World Cetacean Alliance* Studio 3, Lower Promenade Madeira Drive, Brighton, BN2 1ET, UK. t: +44 (0) 1273 355011 c: +44 (0) 7900 471490 e: dylan(a)worldcetaceanalliance.org <sophie.lewis(a)worldcetaceanalliance.org> [image: http://worldcetaceanalliance.org/get-involved/become-a-partner/] <http://worldcetaceanalliance.org/get-involved/become-a-partner/> The World Cetacean Alliance (WCA) is a Partnership of over 100 organisations and individuals in 40 countries worldwide working collaboratively to protect cetaceans and their habitats. World Cetacean Alliance, the Secretariat to the Partnership, is a UK registered Charity no. 1160484. The content of this e-mail is intended solely for the use of the individual or entity to whom it is addressed. If you have received this communication in error, be aware that forwarding it, copying it, or in any way disclosing its content to any other person, is strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please notify the author by replying to this e-mail immediately. Please consider the environment before printing this email or it's attachments.

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The Cambodian Marine Mammal Conservation Project
by Sarah Tubbs 17 Jul '18

17 Jul '18

The Cambodian Marine Mammal Conservation Project Marine Conservation Cambodia (MCC) is an NGO based on the island of Koh Ach Seh, in Cambodia's Kep Archipelago. The organisation has many facets, including working to stop illegal fishing practices, ecological and social science research and collecting data to use in the implementation of conservation legislation. In September 2017, MCC introduced *The Cambodian Marine Mammal Conservation Project,* in collaboration with the Royal Government of Cambodia’s Fisheries Administration. The project's primary aim is to collect data on abundance, distribution and residency to delineate and protect critical habitats for the endangered Irrawaddy dolphin in Cambodia's Kep Archipelago. We are looking for marine mammal research interns to join the team for either a three-month or six-month period, starting 14th October 2018. *Project activities: * · a minimum of 3 observational land surveys per week using a Theodolite and Pythagoras software; · a minimum of 1 observational boat survey per week; · aerial surveys using a DJI drone; · photo-identification techniques using Discovery software; · passive acoustic monitoring using a C-POD and CPOD.exe software; · social science techniques; · data entry, processing and analysis; · education and outreach; · running a marine mammal stranding network; · scientific writing for peer-reviewed journals and government reports; · designing marine mammal legislation. *Basic internship training schedule* Session 1: Introduction to MCC and The Cambodian Marine Mammal Conservation Project. Session 2: Research method training on observational land and boat surveying techniques. Session 3: Marine mammal identification and behaviour training. Session 4: Marine vessel identification training. Session 5: Data sheet and data entry training. Session 6: Drone footage analysis training. Session 7: Training feedback and debrief. Session 8: Practice observational land and boat survey. Session 9: Theodolite introduction and training. Session 10: Pythagoras and Theodolite station setting training. You will also become involved in other project related activities, depending on your interest, skill set and length of stay. *Internship requirements:* We are looking for dedicated, motived and hard-working interns, ready to commit to early mornings and late nights, with a keen interest in marine mammals and their conservation. Ideally, we are looking for university students or recent graduates. *Project site description:* The project is based on the island of Koh Ach Seh, a 40-minute boat trip from Kep Town, Cambodia. The island is inhabited only by MCC, a team made up of a mixture of interdisciplinary international and local staff. The accommodation and facilities on the island are basic but well-maintained. You will be in shared and catered accommodation with fellow interns and staff members. All project related resources are provided. *Application process and fees:* There is an internship fee of $300 USD/week for the 1st and 2nd months, $250/week for the 3rd and 4th months, and $200/week for the 5th and 6th months. The fee covers: · all food, water, accommodation; · transport to and from the mainland to the project island; · marine mammal research training; · scuba diving (if qualified); · and the opportunity to get involved in activities and training at MCC, such as seahorse research or artificial reef management. Discounts are available for those individuals with significant relevant experience. There are limited spaces available, if interested, please send a CV/resume and covering letter tocambodiadolphinproject(a)gmail.com to apply. *Sarah Tubbs* Project Coordinator of 'The Cambodian Dolphin Project', Marine Conservation Cambodia +855 97 642 5886 | cambodiadolphinproject(a)gmail.com https://www.marineconservationcambodia.org/ Create your own email signature <https://www.wisestamp.com/signature-in-email?utm_source=promotion&utm_mediu…>

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Job Opening: Molecular Genetics Technician
by Patricia Rosel - NOAA Federal 17 Jul '18

17 Jul '18

*Senior Research Associate I—Marine Mammal Genetics Laboratory Technician* The Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) of the University of Miami invites applicants for a Research Associate position in Marine Biology and Fisheries. We seek a research associate to join our group and work as a laboratory technician in the Marine Mammal Molecular Genetics laboratory. The incumbent’s primary focus will be collecting and analyzing DNA sequence and microsatellite data from a variety of marine mammal populations and species. Candidates for this position should have (1) a Master’s degree in Molecular Biology, Biology or related field (2) demonstrated experience with molecular biological techniques, particularly DNA extractions and DNA sequencing or microsatellite genotyping methodologies, (3) experience with analyses of population structure and diversity from genetic data, (4) the ability and desire to work as part of a collaborative team, (5) excellent problem solving and critical thinking skills, good organizational skills and the ability to plan daily duties, (6) some experience working with an automated DNA sequencer and with lab management and/or mentoring undergraduates in the lab is desirable but not required. The position will be located at the NOAA Fisheries Southeast Fisheries Science Center Protected Resources and Biodiversity Division located in Lafayette, LA. Apply on line at: www.miami.edu/careers. Job# P100040277 Curriculum Vitae and the contact information for 3 people who can provide letters of recommendation are required. Direct questions to *Cassandra R. Wiggins* c.wiggins1(a)*miami*.edu *Director Human Resources and Faculty Affairs* *Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science* *4600 Rickenbacker Causeway <https://maps.google.com/?q=4600+Rickenbacker+Causeway+%0D%0A+%0D%0A+%0D%0A+…>* *Miami, Fl 33149 <https://maps.google.com/?q=4600+Rickenbacker+Causeway+%0D%0A+%0D%0A+%0D%0A+…>* *(305) 421-4000*

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New publication: Repeated adrenocorticotropic hormone administration alters adrenal and thyroid hormones in free-ranging elephant seals
by Jane Khudyakov 17 Jul '18

17 Jul '18

Dear MARMAM Colleagues, My coauthors and I would like to announce the following publication: McCormley MC, Champagne CD, Deyarmin JS, Stephan AP, Crocker DE, Houser DS, Khudyakov JI. Repeated adrenocorticotropic hormone administration alters adrenal and thyroid hormones in free-ranging elephant seals, Conservation Physiology, Volume 6, Issue 1, 1 July 2018, coy040, https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coy040 Abstract Understanding the physiological response of marine mammals to anthropogenic stressors can inform marine ecosystem conservation strategies. Stress stimulates the activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and synthesis of glucocorticoid (GC) hormones, which increase energy substrate availability while suppressing energy-intensive processes. Exposure to repeated stressors can potentially affect an animal’s ability to respond to and recover from subsequent challenges. To mimic repeated activation of the HPA axis by environmental stressors (or challenges), we administered adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to free-ranging juvenile northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris; n = 7) once daily for 4 days. ACTH administration induced significant elevation in circulating cortisol and aldosterone levels. The cortisol responses did not vary in magnitude between the first ACTH administration on Day 1 and the last administration on Day 4. In contrast, aldosterone levels remained elevated above baseline for at least 24 h after each ACTH injection, and responses were greater on Day 4 than Day 1. Total triiodothyronine (tT3) levels were decreased on Day 4 relative to Day 1, while reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) concentrations increased relative to baseline on Days 1 and 4 in response to ACTH, indicating a suppression of thyroid hormone production. There was no effect of ACTH on the sex steroid dehydroepiandrosterone. These data suggest that elephant seals are able to mount adrenal responses to multiple ACTH administrations. However, repeated ACTH administration resulted in facilitation of aldosterone secretion and suppression of tT3, which may impact osmoregulation and metabolism, respectively. We propose that aldosterone and tT3 are informative additional indicators of repeated stress in marine mammals. I am happy to provide a PDF of the article to those that cannot access it. Sincerely, Jane --- Jane Khudyakov Assistant Professor Department of Biological Sciences University of the Pacific Stockton, CA 95211 jkhudyakov at pacific.edu physgenlab.weebly.com

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