September 2011 - MARMAM - devlists.uvic.ca

Papers on bottlenose dolphins from Mexican waters
by Eduardo Morteo 13 Sep '11

13 Sep '11

Below you will find two papers on bottlenose dolphins from Mexican waters. Both can be downloaded from the web. For PDF copies please mail: emorteo(a)gmail.com. PAPER 1: Morteo, E., G. Heckel, R.H. Defran y Y. Schramm. 2004. Distribution, movements and group size of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) to the south of San Quintín, Baja California, Mexico. Ciencias Marinas, 30(1A): 35–46. ABSTRACT: Twelve boat-based photoidentification surveys were carried out along the coast south of San Quintin Bay, in Baja California, Mexico from July 1999 to June 2000; effort was 276.76 km and 31.7 h at sea. Twenty-two schools were encountered and 12.9 h of total observation were spent with 242 dolphins in these schools. School size averaged 11 (S.D.=8) dolphins, although it is possible that groups are actually smaller; nursing groups were significantly larger (p<0.05), with frequent membership exchanges occurring among schools. Dolphins preferred a coastal strip between 250 and 500 m offshore (p<0.05), at depths below 7 m, and with sandy substrates (p<0.05). Greater sighting frequencies occurred in two coastal zones (p<0.05) and feeding was common around the mouth of the bay. Dorsal fin photographs led to the identification of 169 dolphins, and 124 were different individuals. During the study period the coast south of San Quintin was a pass zone for transient dolphins, since most of these animals (>70%) were sighted one time or stayed for short periods. A total of 220 different dolphins have been identified in the San Quintin area when these data are combined with those gathered by Caldwell (1992) in 1990; these dolphins probably represent a small part of a larger population. More research on bottlenose dolphins’ population biology in this and adjacent geographic areas is needed to develop better conservation and management strategies for this important natural resource. KEYWORDS: Distribution, movements, ecology, Tursiops truncatus, San Quintín. PAPER 2: Morteo E., A. Rocha-Olivares, P. Arceo-Briseño, y L.G. Abarca-Arenas. 2011. Spatial analyses of bottlenose dolphin-fisheries interactions reveal human avoidance off a productive lagoon in the western Gulf of Mexico. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. doi: 10.1017/S0025315411000488. ABSTRACT: Studying interactions between cetaceans and humans is fundamental to assess their ecological significance and the impact of human activities on marine wildlife. Delphinids have historically been associated with human maritime activities, and while evidence suggests that such interactions are becoming more frequent worldwide, these remain poorly studied. Areas of potential interaction and differences in dolphin affinity to interact with humans were used to test hypotheses about the spatial distribution and temporal variation in dolphin-fisheries interactions off the highly productive Alvarado lagoon, in the western Gulf of Mexico. Line-transect surveys yielded 928 dolphin, 980 vessel, and 320 fishing gear target records, the latter involving mostly the shrimp fishery. No temporal differences were found in daily relative abundance of dolphins (average=8.1 h-1, sd=9.7), vessels (average=7.8 h-1, sd=5.9) or fishing gear (average=2.4 h-1, sd=2.6) between two consecutive years. Non-random spatial distributions indicated higher target concentrations at the lagoon entrance; however, dolphins and fishers were found to evade each other, possibly to prevent competition. Dolphins only interacted with gillnets (28.6% of vessels and 22.6% of fishing gear). We observed small areas of potentially intentional and random encounters outside the entrance of the lagoon and low or null potential for interactions elsewhere. Only 18.9% of dolphin schools (44.8% of the 172 photo-identified animals) interacted with fisheries mostly by chance. Resident individuals (n= 23) tended to avoid humans, likely in response to negative reinforcement caused by aggressions from fishers. Hence, the potential intentionality of a few individuals to interact with fisheries, show they bare higher risks while attempting to benefit from gillnetted prey. This research unveils the chronic and acute exposure of the dolphin community to artisanal fisheries within the area, having important reciprocal consequences on their distributions and activities. KEYWORDS: Abundance, Distribution, Dolphin-fisheries interactions, Coastal bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus Cheers! Eduardo Morteo, PhD Head Researcher Marine Mammal Laboratory Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries Universidad Veracruzana 617 Calle Hidalgo, Col. Río Jamapa, Boca del Río, Veracruz, Mexico. CP 94290 Ph: +52 (229) 956 72 27 Ext. 114 Fax: +52 (229) 956 70 70 E-mail: emorteo(a)uv.mx http://www.uv.mx/icmp http://www.labmmar.net

1 0

Correction - Link to new paper - Multiple populations of melon-headed whales in the Hawaiian Archipelago
by Jessica Aschettino 13 Sep '11

13 Sep '11

Apologies, a link to this paper should have been included in the original message. The paper can be downloaded at www.cascadiaresearch.org or from the journal's web site at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00517.x/abstract Dear MARMAM list members, The following paper is now available in Early View from Marine Mammal Science. Aschettino, J.M., R.W. Baird, D.J. McSweeney, D.L. Webster, G.S. Schorr, J.L. Huggins, K.K. Martien, S.D. Mahaffy, and K.L. West. 2011. Population structure of melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra) in the Hawaiian Archipelago: evidence of multiple populations based on photo-identification. Marine Mammal Science doi: 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00517.x Abstract: Despite the presence of melon-headed whales in tropical and subtropical waters worldwide, little is known about this species. To assess population structure in Hawai'i, dedicated field efforts were undertaken from 2000 to 2009. Using only good quality photographs, there were 1,433 unique photo-identified individuals, of which 1,046 were distinctive. Of these, 31.5% were seen more than once. Resighting data combined with social network analyses showed evidence of two populations-a smaller, resident population, seen exclusively off the northwest region of the island of Hawai'i, and a larger population, seen throughout all the main Hawaiian Islands (hereafter the "main Hawaiian Islands" population). A Bayesian analysis examining the probability of movements of individuals between populations provided a posterior median dispersal rate of 0.0009/yr (95% CI = 0-0.0041), indicating the populations are likely demographically independent. Depth of encounters with the Hawai'i Island resident population was significantly shallower (median = 381 m) than those with the main Hawaiian Islands population (median = 1,662 m). Resightings of individuals have occurred up to 22 yr apart for the Hawai'i Island resident population and up to 13 yr apart for the main Hawaiian Islands population, suggesting long-term residency to the islands for both populations. Key words: melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra, Hawai'i, site fidelity, population structure, movements. Jessica ------------------------------------------ Jessica Aschettino, MSc Research Associate Cascadia Research Collective www.cascadiaresearch.org<http://www.cascadiaresearch.org> jaschettino(a)cascadiaresearch.org<mailto:jaschettino@cascadiaresearch.org> Follow Cascadia on facebook<http://www.facebook.com/pages/Cascadia-Research-Collective/110495958982184>

1 0

New paper: Multiple populations of melon-headed whales in the Hawaiian Archipelago
by Jessica Aschettino 13 Sep '11

13 Sep '11

Dear MARMAM list members, The following paper is now available in Early View from Marine Mammal Science. Aschettino, J.M., R.W. Baird, D.J. McSweeney, D.L. Webster, G.S. Schorr, J.L. Huggins, K.K. Martien, S.D. Mahaffy, and K.L. West. 2011. Population structure of melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra) in the Hawaiian Archipelago: evidence of multiple populations based on photo-identification. Marine Mammal Science doi: 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00517.x Abstract: Despite the presence of melon-headed whales in tropical and subtropical waters worldwide, little is known about this species. To assess population structure in Hawai'i, dedicated field efforts were undertaken from 2000 to 2009. Using only good quality photographs, there were 1,433 unique photo-identified individuals, of which 1,046 were distinctive. Of these, 31.5% were seen more than once. Resighting data combined with social network analyses showed evidence of two populations-a smaller, resident population, seen exclusively off the northwest region of the island of Hawai'i, and a larger population, seen throughout all the main Hawaiian Islands (hereafter the "main Hawaiian Islands" population). A Bayesian analysis examining the probability of movements of individuals between populations provided a posterior median dispersal rate of 0.0009/yr (95% CI = 0-0.0041), indicating the populations are likely demographically independent. Depth of encounters with the Hawai'i Island resident population was significantly shallower (median = 381 m) than those with the main Hawaiian Islands population (median = 1,662 m). Resightings of individuals have occurred up to 22 yr apart for the Hawai'i Island resident population and up to 13 yr apart for the main Hawaiian Islands population, suggesting long-term residency to the islands for both populations. Key words: melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra, Hawai'i, site fidelity, population structure, movements. Jessica ------------------------------------------ Jessica Aschettino, MSc Research Associate Cascadia Research Collective www.cascadiaresearch.org<http://www.cascadiaresearch.org> jaschettino(a)cascadiaresearch.org<mailto:jaschettino@cascadiaresearch.org> Follow Cascadia on facebook<http://www.facebook.com/pages/Cascadia-Research-Collective/110495958982184>

1 0

REQUEST FOR ARTICLES - SIRENEWS
by Cynthia Taylor 13 Sep '11

13 Sep '11

The editors of Sirenews, the newsletter of the IUCN Sirenia Specialist Group, would like to request articles for the upcoming edition. Updates on manatee and dugong research, management, education, and conservation activities from around the world are encouraged. The deadline for submissions is OCTOBER 1, 2011. Please submit articles to ctaylor(a)sea2shore.org. Thank you - Cynthia Taylor and James Powell, Sea to Shore Alliance Cynthia R. Taylor Research Scientist Sea to Shore Alliance 941-232-4587 ctaylor(a)sea2shore.org www.sea2shore.org

1 0

Announcement of New Paper exploring Research with Non-Captive Cetaceans
by Marino, Lori 13 Sep '11

13 Sep '11

Dear Colleagues, Toni Frohoff and I would like to announce the publication of a new paper in the open-access scientific journal PLoS One entitled Towards a New Paradigm of Non-Captive Research on Cetacean Cognition. In our paper we present the ethical and scientific arguments for phasing out cognitive research with captive dolphins and replacing it with a new paradigm of collaborative research with cetaceans in their natural habitat. Abstract Contemporary knowledge of impressive neurophysiology and behavior in cetaceans, combined with increasing opportunities for studying free-ranging cetaceans who initiate sociable interaction with humans, are converging to highlight serious ethical considerations and emerging opportunities for a new era of progressive and less-invasive cetacean research. Most research on cetacean cognition has taken place in controlled captive settings, e.g., research labs, marine parks. While these environments afford a certain amount of experimental rigor and logistical control they are fraught with limitations in external validity, impose tremendous stress on the part of the captive animals, and place burdens on populations from which they are often captured. Alternatively, over the past three decades, some researchers have sought to focus their attention on the presence of free-ranging cetacean individuals and groups who have initiated, or chosen to participate in, sociable interactions with humans in the wild. This new approach, defined as Interspecies Collaborative Research between cetacean and human, involves developing novel ways to address research questions under natural conditions and respecting the individual cetacean's autonomy. It also offers a range of potential direct benefits to the cetaceans studied, as well as allowing for unprecedented cognitive and psychological research on sociable mysticetes. Yet stringent precautions are warranted so as to not increase their vulnerability to human activities or pathogens. When conducted in its best and most responsible form, collaborative research with free-ranging cetaceans can deliver methodological innovation and invaluable new insights while not necessitating the ethical and scientific compromises that characterize research in captivity. Further, it is representative of a new epoch in science in which research is designed so that the participating cetaceans are the direct recipients of the benefits. You can download the entire article here: http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0024121 The citation is as follows: Marino L, Frohoff T, 2011 Towards a New Paradigm of Non-Captive Research on Cetacean Cognition. PLoS ONE 6(9): e24121.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024121 And please note that this article is part of a Special Collection entitled: Animals, Research and Alternatives: Measuring Progress 50 Years Later. Thank you very much. Lori Marino Lori Marino, PhD Senior Lecturer Psychology and Interdisciplinary Sciences Building, Room 488 36 Eagle Row Emory University Atlanta, Georgia 30322 (404) 727-7582 ________________________________ This e-mail message (including any attachments) is for the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential and privileged information. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, distribution or copying of this message (including any attachments) is strictly prohibited. If you have received this message in error, please contact the sender by reply e-mail message and destroy all copies of the original message (including attachments).

1 0

Live Catching Techniques Workshop
by Bernie McConnell 12 Sep '11

12 Sep '11

Are you having problems capturing your target species? Do you spend cold, wet days sitting in a small boat cursing the fact that you are being out-smarted by a marine critter, and that there must be better way of earning a living? Then share you experiences and new ideas at the Live Catching Techniques Workshop at Tampa. Details at: http://www.marinemammalscience.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=articl… Bernie McConnell, Sea Mammal Research Unit University of St Andrews, Scotland. bm8(a)st-andrews.ac.uk<mailto:bm8@st-andrews.ac.uk>

1 0

Right Whale Aerial Survey Observer - Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies
by Stephanie Richardson 09 Sep '11

09 Sep '11

RIGHT WHALE AERIAL SURVEY OBSERVER The Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies (PCCS) is seeking a right whale aerial survey observer for the 2012 winter/spring season (January 4ththrough May 15 th 2012). The selected candidate will participate in an on-going long term study of North Atlantic right whales in Cape Cod Bay and the adjacent waters. Responsibilities include taking part in marine mammal aerial surveys, photo analysis, assisting with maintenance of the in-house catalog, and data processing. Previous experience as a marine mammal aerial survey observer and photo-identification (right whales or other large cetaceans) is strongly desired. Applicants must have at least a B.S. with courses in biology and the ability to live and work well in a team environment. This is a full-time seasonal position. Shared housing will be provided at no cost. General information about the Right Whale Studies Program at PCCS is available at: http://www.coastalstudies.org/what-we-do/right-whales/fieldnotesintro.htm Please submit cover letter, resume, and two references by September 30th 2011 to: Stephanie Richardson Human Resource Manager 115 Bradford Street Provincetown, MA 02657 Email: srichardson(a)coastalstudies.org -- Stephanie Richardson Human Resource Manager Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies 115 Bradford Street Provincetown, MA 02652 t. (508) 487-3622 Ext. 113 f. (508) 487-4495 Office Hours: Monday, Wednesday and Friday

1 0

26th European Cetacean Society Conference
by Simon Berrow 09 Sep '11

09 Sep '11

26th European Cetacean Society Conference Galway Ireland, 26-28 March 2012 First announcement of the 26th European Cetacean Society Conference, which will be held in Galway, Ireland from 26-28 March 2012; hosted by the Irish Whale and Dolphin Group and the Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT). The conference will be held at the Galway Bay Hotel (www.galwaybayhotel.com) and workshops held over the weekend 24-25 March at GMIT (www.gmit.ie) The theme of the conference is Communication: information and ideas worth sharing. We hope to explore communication across and between marine mammals, scientists, policy-makers and the public. The conference will be wrapped up in music, dancing, stories and chat. A chance to exchange ideas and experiences and meet old and new friends alike, because after all that is what conferences should be about ! We look forward to seeing you in Galway. Website details to follow. Abstract deadline mid-November. Conference email ECS2012(a)gmit.ie or follow us on twitter @ECS2012Galway.

1 0

INDO-PACIFIC BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN RESEARCH ASSISTANT / INTERNSHIP POSITION IN PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA
by Delphine Chabanne 08 Sep '11

08 Sep '11

INDO-PACIFIC BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN RESEARCH ASSISTANT / INTERNSHIP POSITION IN PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA Positions are open for volunteers to assist with Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin research in Perth, Western Australia. PROJECT BACKGROUND: Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (*Tursiops aduncus*) have been found to inhabit the Swan-Canning Estuary and adjacent waters of Perth, Western Australia. Estuarine ecosystems experience substantial environmental change, geographical isolation and adjacent urban population growth that influence various aspects of the socioecology of dolphins. The aim of this project is to investigate the abundance, distribution, behaviour and social structure of Indo-pacific bottlenose dolphins in the metropolitan waters of Perth, Western Australia. This will assist in assessing the conservation status of dolphin communities, the biological significance of human impacts, and the effectiveness of different management options. DATES: Commencing September/October 2011 (minimum three months commitment, full-time). LOCATION: Perth, Western Australia FIELDWORK: Boat-based photo-identification surveys will be conducted in the Swan-Canning Estuary and three offshore areas. Assistants will help collect information on bottlenose dolphin abundance, distribution and behaviour during field surveys and analysis of common dolphin fin photo identification. The successful applicant will gain valuable experience in conducting marine mammal field research, identifying individual bottlenose dolphins based on dorsal fin characteristics. Field work can be physically but it is an opportunity to gain experience and improve your skills in relation to visual cetacean survey techniques, photo-identification, behavioural observations, data entry and fin-matching. RESEARCH ASSISTANT DUTIES: - Photo-identification of dolphins in the lab, including photo sorting, grading, and matching, sighting data entry - Assisting with boat-based photo-identification surveys of bottlenose dolphins, including operating small vessel during surveys, collecting environmental, location, and behavioural data for dolphin groups PREREQUISITES: . Be reliable, adaptable, hardworking and patient as fieldwork is highly weather dependent. . Be sociable, enthusiastic and have a positive attitude and mature attitude towards marine mammal research Due to the training required, applicants should be available for a minimum of 3 months. Applicants with biology, marine science or animal behaviour background and/or small boat operation experience are preferred but not required. The placements commence in September/October 2011. Assistants need to be available full-time including weekends and be prepared to work long hours with early starts. Applications are also open for next year (from January to December 2012). There is unfortunately no monetary compensation or living provisions. The successful candidate will be responsible for travel costs and visa, accommodation and living expenses. APPLICATION PROCESS: If you are interested, please provide a short email to D.Chabanne(a)murdoch.edu.au. The email should include a cover letter and a short CV. Regards, Delphine* * **

1 0

updated web links to AMJ Monk seal special issue articles
by Kathleen M. Dudzinski 08 Sep '11

08 Sep '11

Dear MARMAM and ECS-talk subscribers, In our posting to these lists last week, the year was inadvertently omitted from the links for each article in the special issue on Monk Seals (37.3 of Aquatic Mammals). Please use the corrected links per article below to access them. My apologies for this inconvenience. Thank you for your continued interest in the journal. With regards, Kathleen Dudzinski, Ph.D. Editor, Aquatic Mammals aquaticmammals(a)gmail.com ******************* Karamanlidis, A.A., Schofield, T.D. 2011. Foreword. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 225-226, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.225 Schultz, J.K. 2011. Population Genetics of the Monk Seals (Genus Monachus): A Review. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 227-235, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.227 Mo, G. 2011. Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus) Sightings in Italy (1998-2010) and Implications for Conservation. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 236-240, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.236 Scheinin, A.P., Goffman, O., Elasar, M., Perelberg, A. & Kerem, D.H. 2011. Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus) Resighted Along the Israeli Coastline After More than Half a Century. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 241-242, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.241 Gomerčić, T., Huber, D., Gomerčić, M.D. & Gomerčić., H. 2011. Presence of the Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus) in the Croatian Part of the Adriatic Sea. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 243-248, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.243 Mo, G., Bazairi, H., Bayed, A. & Agnesi, S. 2011. Survey on Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus) Sightings in Mediterranean Morocco. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 248-255, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.248 Adamantopoulou, S., Androukaki, E., Dendrinos, P., Kotomatas, S., Paravas, V., Psaradellis, M., Tounta, E. & Karamanlidis, A. A. 2011. Movements of Mediterranean Monk Seals (Monachus monachus) in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 256-261, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.256 Muñoz, G., Karamanlidis, A.A., Dendrinos, P. & Thomas, J.A. 2011. Aerial Vocalizations by Wild and Rehabilitating Mediterranean Monk Seals (Monachus monachus) in Greece Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 262-279,http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.262 Karamanlidis, A.A., Kallianiotis, A., Psaradellis, M. & Adamantopoulou, S. 2011. Stomach Contents of a Subadult Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus) from the Aegean Sea Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 280-283, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.280 Pierce, G.J., Hernandez-Milian, G., Santos, M.B., Psaradellis, M., Tounta, E., Androukaki, E. & Edridge, A. 2011. Diet of the Monk Seal (Monachus monachus) in Greek Waters. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 284-297, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.284 Hale, R., Pires, R., Santos, P. & Karamanlidis, A.A. 2011. Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus): Fishery Interactions in the Archipelago of Madeira.Aquatic Mammals 27 (3), 298-304, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.298 Trivourea, M.N., Karamanlidis, A.A., Tounta, E., Dendrinos, P. & Kotomatas, S. 2011. People and the Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus): A Study of the Socioeconomic Impacts of the National Marine Park of Alonissos, Northern Sporades, Greece Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 305-318, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.305 Brown, E., Hughes, G., Watanuki, R., Johanos, T.C. & Wurth, T.. 2011 The Emergence of an Important Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus schauinslandi) Pupping Area at Kalaupapa, Moloka‘i, in the Main Hawaiian Islands. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 319-325, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.319 Gilmartin, W.G., Johanos, T.C., DeMaster, D.R. & Henderson, J.R. 2011. Hawaiian Monk Seals (Monachus schauinslandi) at Kure Atoll: Some Life History Effects Following Effort to Enhance Pup Survival. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 326-331, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.326 Gilmartin, W.G., Sloan, A.C., Harting, A.L., Johanos, T.C., Baker, J.D., Breese, M. & Ragen, T.J. 2011. Rehabilitation and Relocation of Young Hawaiian Monk Seals (Monachus schauinslandi). Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 332-341, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.332 Norris, T.A., Littnan, C.L. & Gulland, F.M.D. 2011. Evaluation of the Captive Care and Post-Release Behavior and Survival of Seven Juvenile Female Hawaiian Monk Seals (Monachus schauinslandi). Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 342-353, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.342 Schofield, T.D., Levine, G., Gulland, F.M.D., Littnan, C.L. & Colitz, C.M.H. 2011. The First Successful Hand-Rearing of a Neonate Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus schauinslandi) and Post-Release Management Challenges. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 354-359, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.354 Curtice, C., Schick, R.S., Dunn, D.C. & Halpin, P.N. 2011. Home Range Analysis of Hawaiian Monk Seals (Monachus schauinslandi) Based on Colony, Age, and Sex. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 360-371, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.360 Williams, T.M., Richter, B., Kendall, T. & Dunkin, R. 2011. Metabolic Demands of a Tropical Marine Carnivore, the Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus schauinslandi): Implications for Fisheries Competition. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 372-376, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.372 Kissel, L.N., Bankowski, M.J., Koyamatsu, T.L.S., Nagai, R.Y., Seifried, S.E. & Crow, G.L. 2011. Aerobic Microorganisms Identified Over a Fourteen-Month Period from the Upper Respiratory Tract of Captive Hawaiian Monk Seals (Monachus schauinslandi). Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 377-385, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.377 Watson, T.K., Kittinger, J.N., Walters, J.S. & Schofield, T.D. 2011. Culture, Conservation, and Conflict: Assessing the Human Dimensions of Hawaiian Monk Seal Recovery. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 386-396, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.386 Lowry, L.F., Laist, D.W., Gilmartin, W.G. & Antonelis, G.A. 2011. Recovery of the Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus schauinslandi): A Review of Conservation Efforts, 1972 to 2010, and Thoughts for the Future. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 397-419, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.397 Historical Perspectives Essay Holt, S. 2011. Science, Politics, and Economics in the International Whaling Commission. Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 420-430, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.420 Book Review Lowry, L.F. 2011. Caribbean Monk Seals: Lost Seals of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. J. Hairr, Aquatic Mammals 27(3), 431, http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.37.3.2011.431 ***********************

1 0