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Contents: Marine Mammal Science Vol 22(2)
by Jan Herrmann 02 May '06

02 May '06

Dear all, Marine Mammal Science Vol 22(2) has the following table of contents. By clicking the following link you are guided to Blackwell Synergy, where you can find abstracts and contact information: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/mms/22/2 Users of the Papyrus Bibliography System (for Mac and DOS/Windows) can download the references with abstracts and contact information from http://www.cetacea.de/mms. The Papyrus Bibliography System is now FREE: http://www.researchsoftwaredesign.com Please do not contact MARMAM, the MARMAM editors or me for reprints. Thank you. Kindest Regards, Jan Herrmann ------ Marine Mammal Science Vol. 22(2) ------ Estes, J.A. 2006. From the editor. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 237-239. Teilmann, J. et al. 2006. Reactions of captive harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) to pinger-like sounds. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 240-260. Kaneko, H. and I.R. Lawler. 2006. Can near infrared spectroscopy be used to improve assessment of marine mammal diets via fecal analysis? Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 261-275. Parsons, K.M. et al. 2006. Population genetic structure of coastal bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the northern Bahamas. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 276-298. Woodward, B.L. et al. 2006. Experimental modeling of large whale entanglement injuries. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 299-310. Beentjes, M.P. 2006. Behavioral thermoregulation of the New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri). Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 311-325. Aurioles, D., P.L. Koch, and B.J. Le Boeuf. 2006. Differences in foraging location of Mexican and California elephant seals: Evidence from stable isotopes in pups. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 326-338. Jemison, L.A. et al. 2006. Long-term trends in harbor seal numbers at Tugidak Island and Nanvak Bay, Alaska. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 339-360. Ireland, D. et al. 2006. Development and application of a mass-estimation method for Weddell seals. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 361-378. Carlens, H. et al. 2006. Spring haul-out behavior of ringed seals (Pusa hispida) in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 379-393. Krafft, B.A. et al. 2006. Abundance of ringed seals (Pusa hispida) in the fjords of Spitsbergen, Svalbard, during the peak molting period. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 394-412. Marino, L. et al. 2006. Does diving limit brain size in cetaceans? Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 413-425. Keller, C.A. et al. 2006. North Atlantic right whale distribution in relation to sea-surface temperature in the southeastern United States calving grounds. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 426-445. Barlow, J. 2006. Cetacean abundance in Hawaiian waters estimated from a summer/fall survey in 2002. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 446-464. NOTES Goldstein, T. et al. 2006. Molecular identification of a novel gamma herpesvirus in the endangered Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi). Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 465-471. Laist, D.W. and C. Shaw. 2006. Preliminary evidence that boat speed restrictions reduce deaths of Florida manatees. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 472-479. Smith, R.J., T.M. Cox, and A.J. Westgate. 2006. Movements of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina mellonae) in Lacs des Loups Marins, Quebec. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 480-485. Towell, R.G., R.R. Ream, and A.E. York. 2006. Decline in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) pup production on the Pribilof Islands. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 486-491. LETTERS McCowan, B. 2006. LETTERS: Are bubblestream whistles unrepresentative of bottlenose dolphin whistle repertoires? Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 492-495. Fripp, D. 2006. LETTERS: Bubblestream whistles are not representative of bottlenose dolphin whistle repertoires: Reply to McCowan. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 496-501. MISCELLANOUS Anon. 2006. ERRATUM: In "Declines in harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) numbers in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska, 1992-2002," by Elizabeth A. Mathews and Grey W. Pendleton, published in Marine Mammal Science 22:167-189, the cumulative change for JHI glacial ford 1992-1999 (Table 2, Row 1) was misstated. The correct value is -39%, not 39%. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 502. Anon. 2006. Guide for authors. Marine Mammal Science 22(2): 503-506. -- Jan Herrmann <jan.herrmann - at - cetacea.de> Vorlesungsreihe Wal und Mensch +----> http://www.cetacea.de

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New publications week 16
by Jan Herrmann 01 May '06

01 May '06

Dear all, here are some new publications of week 15 / 2006, which haven't been announced on MARMAM earlier AFAIK. By clicking the following link you are guided to a website, where the following references are linked to their according journal homepages. There you can find abstracts and contact information: http://www.mmbib.com/news.html Please do not contact MARMAM, the MARMAM editors or me for reprints. Thank you. Kindest Regards, Jan Herrmann CETACEA Lev, E. (2006): Healing with animals in the Levant from the 10th to the 18th century. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2(11): . Natoli, A. et al. (2006): Phylogeography and alpha taxonomy of the common dolphin (Delphinus sp.). Journal of Evolutionary Biology 19(3): 943-954. Marcoux, M., H. Whitehead, and L. Rendell (2006): Coda vocalizations recorded in breeding areas are almost entirely produced by mature female sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus). Canadian Journal of Zoology 84(4): 609-614 . Borsa, P. (2006): Marine mammal strandings in the New Caledonia region, Southwest Pacific. Comptes rendus Biologies 329(4): 277-288. Popov, V.V. et al. (2006): Nonconstant quality of auditory filters in the porpoises, Phocoena phocoena and Neophocaena phocaenoides (Cetacea, Phocoenidae). The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 119(5): 3173-3180. Finneran, J.J. and D.S. Houser (2006): Comparison of in-air evoked potential and underwater behavioral hearing thresholds in four bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 119(5): 3181-3192. PINNIPEDIA Boren, L.J. et al. (2006): Entanglement of New Zealand fur seals in man-made debris at Kaikoura, New Zealand. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52(4): 442-446. Palo, J.U. and R. Väinölä (2006): The enigma of the landlocked Baikal and Caspian seals addressed through phylogeny of phocine mitochondrial sequences. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 88(1): 61-72. -- --> jan.herrmann -at - cetacea.de

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Call for Papers for Polar Tourism Special Issue
by Michael Luck 01 May '06

01 May '06

Greetings MARMAMers please reply diretcly to the guest editors, Pat Maher and Emma Stewart! Cheers micha Call for Papers Tourism in Marine Environments Special Issue: "Polar Tourism: Realities and Possibilities" Special Issue Editors: Patrick Maher (University of Northern British Columbia, Canada) and Emma Stewart (University of Calgary, Canada) Email: maherp(a)unbc.ca; ejstewar(a)ucalgary.ca Tourism in Marine Environments (TIME) is a refereed, interdisciplinary journal that provides a forum for tourism topics specifically related to tourism management issues in marine settings. This Special Issue will provide research that focuses upon tourism in the Polar Regions. Such a Special Issue is especially poignant given that 2007/2008 is the International Polar Year, and what better time to examine the current realities and possibilities of tourism in the Arctic and Antarctic. Since the early 1990's, and especially following the millennium, there have been many significant changes in polar tourism (i.e. diversification amongst products available, increasing tourist numbers, increasing local involvement and recognition of the importance of local involvement, changes in policy and governance). These changes are in addition to ongoing issues such as cumulative environmental and social impacts, provision of education and awareness for tourists (creating ambassadors), increasing vessel sizes and numbers within the cruise sector, and changing climate patterns that affect actual travel as well as the industry. Submissions based on empirical research will be favoured over descriptive or review papers, but submissions on any polar tourism related topics are welcome. Submission, Format and Timeline * Interested authors should submit abstracts (200-300 words) by June 15, 2006. Abstracts should be submitted by email to Pat Maher, in the first instance, but also copied to Emma Stewart. These submissions should be sent as attachments in MS Word Format. * Authors will be notified by July 1, 2006 whether their proposed article is suitable for the Special Issue. * Full articles (approximately 5,000 - 7,000 words) have to be submitted by August 31, 2006, and should follow the format guidelines provided on the TIME website: http://www.cognizantcommunication.com/filecabinet/Tme/tme.html * All writers are required to follow the 2001 Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association: Fifth Edition. * Full articles should be submitted by email to Pat Maher, in the first instance, but also copied to Emma Stewart. These submissions should be sent as attachments in MS Word Format with any graphics (figures, photographs) in .tif format. * Articles will undergo blind review by at least two reviewers. * Articles will be returned to the corresponding author by October 31, 2006, and if changes should be required, the deadline for revised articles will be December 31, 2006. * The anticipated date for publication of the Special Issue is June 2007 - Volume 4 (1). *************************************************************************** Michael Lück, Ph.D. Senior Lecturer School of Hospitality and Tourism Faculty of Applied Humanities AUT University Private Bag 92006 Auckland, New Zealand e-mail: michael.lueck(a)aut.ac.nz Phone: +64 9-921-9999 ext. 5833 Fax: +64 9-921 9975 *************************************************************************** Member of the New Zealand Tourism Research Institute NZTRI http://www.tri.org.nz *************************************************************************** Editor-in-Chief: Tourism in Marine Environments http://www.cognizantcommunication.com/filecabinet/Tme/tme.html *************************************************************************** Associate Editor: Journal of Ecotourism http://www.channelviewpublications.com/multi/journals/journals_je.asp?TAG=&… ***************************************************************************

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Dolphin volunteer opportunities in Slovenia
by Tilen Genov 01 May '06

01 May '06

Dolphin volunteer opportunities in Slovenia (apologies for cross-posting) Morigenos – marine mammal research and conservation society is offering two volunteer places in summer 2006, to assist in the research programme of the Slovenian Dolphin Project. Morigenos is a non-profit non-governmental organization from Slovenia, dedicated to cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises), other marine mammals and the preservation of the marine environment. More information on Morigenos can be found at www.morigenos.org. Slovenian Dolphin Project is a long-term study on the biology, ecology and conservation of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Slovenian Sea and surrounding waters, carried out since 2002 by Morigenos. The main objectives of the project are: - to acquire basic information on the biology and ecology of bottlenose dolphins in Slovenian Sea and the surrounding waters; - to identify main negative factors affecting bottlenose dolphins in the area;** - to inform and educate the public and to raise public awareness;** - to recommend appropriate measures for dolphin conservation to management bodies;** - to preserve natural treasures of our sea;** - to promote a precautious exploitation of the sea;** - to promote sustainable development; - to effectively protect cetaceans and their environment. Volunteers are welcome to join the research team for a period of 18 days, during Morigenos' Summer Dolphin Research Camps. Volunteers can participate in two stages: 17th July – 3rd August 2006 and 18th August – 4th September 2006. Only one volunteer will participate in a given stage. The duties of the participants require involvement in all the research and other activities, including: - Boat surveys (guiding the boat, searching for dolphins, recording data, assisting with photo-id, etc.); - Land-based surveys (searching for dolphins, recording data, etc.); - Preliminary data analysis; - Equipment maintainance; - Household duties shared with all project participants (cooking, washing up, maintainance of the research center); - Public awareness activities. This is a great opportunity for volunteers to make a positive contribution to our research and to gain knowledge and experience in marine mammal research and conservation. Food and accommodation Volunteers will be accommodated in Morigenos' research center (sleeping, cooking and working facility). There is no fee for the position, however volunteers must contribute to the food expenses (5 EUR per day) and they must arrange their own travel to and from Morigenos base. Applications Successful applicants should fullfill the following conditions: - At least a BSc in environmental science (biology, veterine, geography, etc.); - Previous experience in cetacean research in the wild; - Some experience in data analysis; - Boat leader's license; - Some experience in handling a small (6 m) boat; - Fluent English; - Being able to swim; - Being able to tolerate the summer heat (several hours on the boat) and be in moderate physical condition; - Being adaptable and having a team spirit; - Having a positive attitude towards environment and living beings; - Being able to work in an international group of people. Please send your short CV to morigenos(a)morigenos.org, together with your main interests, field experience, preferred dates and possible questions. ********************************************* Tilen Genov Morigenos - marine mammal research and conservation society Jarska cesta 36/a 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia morigenos(a)morigenos.org www.morigenos.org

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correction to web link for Peponocephala report
by MARMAM Editors 29 Apr '06

29 Apr '06

The web link for the Southall et al. 2006 Hawaiian melon-headed whale mass stranding event report is: http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/health/mmume/event2004jul.htm ------------------------------------------------------------------- -To submit a message to MARMAM, send it to: marmam(a)lists.uvic.ca -Please include your name and e-mail address in the body of the text of all submissions, and ensure your message has an appropriate subject heading (ie., not "Message for MARMAM") -Do not submit attached files or HTML/MIME messages. -To subscribe to MARMAM, go to lists.uvic.ca/mailman/listinfo/marmam -To contact the MARMAM editors, write to: marmamed(a)uvic.ca -MARMAM Editorial Policy & FAQ: http://whitelab.biology.dal.ca/marmam.htm

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Hawaii Peponocephala stranding report available
by MARMAM Editors 29 Apr '06

29 Apr '06

Southall, B.L., R. Braun, F.M.D. Gulland, A.D. Heard, R.W. Baird, S.M. Wilkin and T.K. Rowles. 2006. Hawaiian melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra) mass stranding event of July 3-4, 2004. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-OPR-31. 73 pp. Available from http://www.nmfs.gov/pr/health/mmume/event2004jul.htm Executive Summary On July 3-4, 2004, between 150-200 melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra) occupied the shallow waters of Hanalei Bay, Kaua'i, Hawai'i for over 28 hours. Attendees of a canoe blessing observed the animals entering the Bay in a single wave formation at 0700 hrs* (local time) on July 3, 2004. The animals were observed moving back into shore from the mouth of the Bay at 0900 hrs. The usually pelagic animals milled in the shallow confined bay and were returned to deeper water with human assistance. The animals were herded out of the Bay with the help of members of the community, the Hanalei Canoe Club, local and federal employees, and volunteers/staff with the Hawaiian Islands Stranding Response Group beginning at 0930 on July 4, 2004 and were out of visual sight by 1030 hrs. Only one animal, a calf, was known to have died (on July 5, 2004) following this event. The animal was noted alive and alone in the Bay on the afternoon of July 4, 2004 and was found dead in the Bay the morning of July 5, 2004. On July 7, 2004, a full necropsy, magnetic resonance imaging, and computerized tomography examination were performed on the calf to determine the manner and cause of death. The combination of imaging, necropsy and histological analyses found no evidence of infectious, internal traumatic, congenital, or toxic factors. Although cause of death could not be definitively determined, it is likely that maternal separation, poor nutritional condition, and dehydration contributed to the final demise of the animal. Although we do not know when the calf was separated from the female, the movement into the Bay, the milling and re-grouping may have contributed to the separation or lack of nursing especially if the maternal bond was weak or this was a primiparous calf. Environmental factors, abiotic and biotic, were analyzed for any anomalous occurrences that would have contributed to the animals entering and remaining in Hanalei Bay. The bathymetry is similar to many other sites within the Hawaiian Island chain and dissimilar to that which has been associated with mass strandings in other parts of the U.S. The weather conditions appear to be normal for this time of year with no fronts or other significant features noted. There was no evidence for unusual distribution or occurrence of predator or prey species, or unusual harmful algal blooms. Weather patterns and bathymetry that have been associated with mass strandings elsewhere were not found to occur in this instance. This event was spatially and temporally correlated with Rim of the Pacific Exercises (RIMPAC) which is a biennial, sea control/power projection fleet exercise that has been conducted since 1968 and involves U.S. forces and forces from various Rim-of-the-Pacific nations. Official sonar training and tracking exercises in the Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF) warning area did not commence until approximately 0800 hrs (local time) on July 3 and were thus ruled out as a possible trigger for the initial movement into the Bay. However, the six naval surface vessels transiting to the operational area on July 2 intermittently transmitted active sonar [for ~9 hours total from 1315 to 0030] as they approached from the south. The potential for these transmissions to have triggered the whales' movement into Hanalei Bay was investigated. Analyses with the information available indicated that animals to the south and east of Kaua'i could likely have detected active sonar transmissions on July 2, and reached Hanalei Bay on or before 0700 on July 3, 2004. However, data limitations regarding the position of the whales prior to their arrival in the Bay, the magnitude of sonar exposure, behavioral responses of melon-headed whales to acoustic stimuli, and other possible relevant factors preclude a conclusive finding regarding the role of sonar in triggering this event. Propagation modeling suggest that transmissions from sonar use during the July 3 exercise in the PMRF warning area may have been detectable at the mouth of the Bay. If the animals responded negatively to these signals, it may have contributed to their continued presence in the Bay. The U.S. Navy ceased all active sonar transmissions during exercises in this range on the afternoon of July 3, 2004. Subsequent to the cessation of sonar use, the animals were herded out of the Bay. While causation of this stranding event may never be unequivocally determined, we consider the active sonar transmissions of July 2-3, 2004, a plausible, if not likely, contributing factor in what may have been a confluence of events. This conclusion is based on: (1) the evidently anomalous nature of the stranding; (2) its close spatiotemporal correlation with wide-scale, sustained use of sonar systems previously associated with stranding of deep-diving marine mammals; (3) the directed movement of two groups of transmitting vessels toward the southeast and southwest coast of Kaua'i; (4) the results of acoustic propagation modeling and an analysis of possible animal transit times to the Bay; and (5) the absence of any other compelling causative explanation. The initiation and persistence of this event may have resulted from an interaction of biological and physical factors. The biological factors may have included the presence of an apparently uncommon, deep-diving cetacean species (and possibly an offshore, non-resident group), social interactions among the animals before or after they entered the Bay, and/or unknown predator or prey conditions. The physical factors may have included the presence of nearby deep water, multiple vessels transiting in a directed manner while transmitting active sonar over a sustained period, the presence of surface sound ducting conditions, and/or intermittent and random human interactions while the animals were in the Bay. ------------------------------------------------------------------- -To submit a message to MARMAM, send it to: marmam(a)lists.uvic.ca -Please include your name and e-mail address in the body of the text of all submissions. -To subscribe to MARMAM, go to lists.uvic.ca/mailman/listinfo/marmam -To contact the MARMAM editors, write to: marmamed(a)uvic.ca

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Sirenews No. 45 Online
by Caryn Self-Sullivan 28 Apr '06

28 Apr '06

Sirenews is the official newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Sirenia Specialist Group. Sirenews (ISSN 1017-3439) appears twice a year in April and October and is edited by James A. Powell and Cynthia R. Taylor, Wildlife Trust, 1601 3rd Street S., Suite F, St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. It is supported by the U.S. Marine Mammal Commission and Sea World, Inc. Submission deadlines are April 1 and October 1. Material may be submitted by e-mail to: Cynthia Taylor (taylor(a)wildlifetrust.org) or by fax to 1-352-368-3895 (USA). The latest issue of Sirenews is available in PDF format online at http://www.sirenian.org/sirenews/45APR2006.pdf. The Sirenews archive (http://www.sirenian.org/sirenews.html) includes issues 1 through 45 (1984-2006) in either PDF or HTML format. Free Online access to this archive is supported by Sirenian International, Inc. IMPORTANT NOTE: Sirenews is an informal forum, not to be considered citable, formally-published literature; it is NOT "peer-reviewed", and contributions to it should not be quoted without the written permission of the author. The opinions expressed are those of the writers and not necessarily those of IUCN or other organizations.

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publication on by-catch in trawler fisheries
by Zeeberg, JaapJan 28 Apr '06

28 Apr '06

Bycatch rates observed during more than 1400 trawl sets off Mauritania, Northwest Africa, are shown to have been considerable during the past 4 years, with high animal abundance in Summer when the Northwest African shelf is occupied by subtropical water. We demonstrate the urgency for bycatch reduction and evaluate the use of species-selective gear, a conservation method immediately available and immediately effective in waters fished through international access agreements. A modification tested in commercial trawls during the observer program guides pelagic megafauna deflected by a filter to an escape tunnel along the bottom of the trawl. This "excluder" reduces bycatch mortality of the most vulnerable megafauna species by at least 40-100% (Fisheries Research 78 [2006] 186-195). For downloads please visit http://www.xs4all.nl/~jzeebe1/z-publ.htm _______________ J.J. Zeeberg Wageningen Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (Imares) B.V. Haringkade 1, P.O. Box 68 1970 AB IJmuiden, The Netherlands Tel: +31 255 564 709 or 564 646 Fax: +31 255 564 644 _______________ This message is intended exclusively for the addressee. It may contain information that is confidential. Any use or publication of this e-mail message without permission of RIVO is not allowed. If you are not the intended recipient, please notify us and delete this message.

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Pinnipeds and reactions to light
by lchilvers＠doc.govt.nz 27 Apr '06

27 Apr '06

Hi New Zealand sea lions are currently caught in high numbers (150 animals in the 2005/06 fishing season) in squid trawl nets in the NZ sub-Antarctic. SLEDs (sea lion exclusion devices) are used within this fishery - however there is currently no effective underwater monitoring mechanisms in place to determine strike or escape rate. A video capable of filming at low light is currently being investigated - as are light sources - white, red and infra-red light. None of these light sources have been tested on NZ sea lions to determine their degree of attraction / avoidance or neutrality. This email is to ask for information / ideas on wild seal/sea lion behavioural experiments that have tested reactions of animals to light sources both on land and in water and how to measure "reactions". Preferably not captive / feeding trials as there are no captive NZ sea lions in the world, however if you think it will help to design a study please send them through. Thank you Louise Dr. B. Louise Chilvers Marine Mammal Scientist Marine Conservation Unit Department of Conservation P.O. Box 10-420 Wellington Ph 04 4713073 Fax 04 4713041 Email lchilvers(a)doc.govt.nz ############################################## This e-mail (and attachments) is confidential and may be legally privileged. ##############################################

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NRC post-doctoral position in Pacific Grove, CA
by Daniel Palacios 27 Apr '06

27 Apr '06

The National Research Council and the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration are seeking applications for a Postdoctoral Research Award tenable at the Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, of the National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Grove, CA. The National Research Council (NRC) will offer a competitive award for postdoctoral research to be conducted in residence at the NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental Research Division, on Monterey Bay, CA. The incumbent will investigate pelagic habitat utilization by apex marine predators in the North Pacific, with a focus on the oceanographic description of biological hot spots derived from multi-speices electronic tag data and remote sensing. This effort is being conducted as part of the Tagging of Pacific Pelagics (TOPP) program. Duration of the award is one year with potential for extension. Support is provided for relocation and limited professional travel, and a health insurance program is offered. Prospective applicants should contact Dr. Steven Bograd for more specific information regarding this research opportunity. Applicants will receive guidance in the formulation of a short (4-page) research proposal that is necessary for application. Dr. Steven Bograd NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center Environmental Research Division 1352 Lighthouse Avenue Pacific Grove, CA 93950 Tel: 831-648-8314 Fax: 831-648-8440 E-mail: steven.bograd(a)noaa.gov http://www.pfeg.noaa.gov/ Applications must be submitted directly to the NRC. Postmark deadline for applications is August 1, 2006. Complete information about the award process and application materials may be obtained from the NRC web site at: http://www4.nationalacademies.org/pga/rap.nsf. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Steven Bograd NOAA/NMFS Southwest Fisheries Science Center Environmental Research Division 1352 Lighthouse Avenue Pacific Grove, CA 93950-2097 e-mail: steven.bograd(a)noaa.gov ph: 831-648-8314 fax: 831-648-8440 http://www.pfeg.noaa.gov/

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