March 2026 - MARMAM - devlists.uvic.ca

Species Distribution & Ecological Niche Modelling Training Series
by Oliver Hooker 11 Mar '26

11 Mar '26

Species Distribution & Ecological Niche Modelling Training Series Understanding the spatial distribution of marine mammals is critical for conservation planning, habitat management, and assessing the impacts of environmental change and human activities in marine ecosystems. Our training series in *Species Distribution Modelling (SDMs)* and *Ecological Niche Modelling (ENMs)* provides practical, hands-on instruction in the analytical tools used to investigate how environmental conditions shape species distributions. Explore the individual courses below to find the training most suited to your research or professional needs. Mechanistic Species Distribution Modelling / Ecological Niche Modelling with NicheMapR (MSDM01) Learn mechanistic species distribution and ecological niche modelling with NicheMapR in R. Hands-on live online course with microclimate modelling. https://prstats.org/course/mechanistic-species-distribution-modelling-ecolo… Model Validation for Species Distribution and Ecological Niche Modelling (MVSD01) Learn how to validate species distribution and ecological niche models. https://prstats.org/course/model-validation-for-species-distribution-and-ec… Standard modelling procedure for Species Distribution and Ecological Niche Modelling (SDMS01) Species Distribution and Ecological Niche Modelling is an applied R course teaching standard workflows for building, evaluating, and interpreting SDMs. https://prstats.org/course/standard-modelling-procedure-for-species-distrib… Species Distribution Modelling (SDMs) and Ecological Niche Modelling (ENMs) (SDMR07) Learn ENM and SDM modelling in R. Apply tools like Maxent and Biomod2 to predict species distributions and environmental niches. https://prstats.org/course/species-distribution-modelling-sdms-and-ecologic… Species Distribution Modelling With Bayesian Statistics (SDMB08) Model species distributions using BART in R. Covers uncertainty, variable selection, and full Bayesian workflow. https://prstats.org/course/species-distribution-modelling-with-bayesian-sta… These courses focus on transferable methods widely used to analyse species–environment relationships and predict habitat suitability using environmental, survey, telemetry, and observational datasets. Participants will learn how to implement modelling workflows in *R*, interpret ecological patterns, and generate spatial predictions that can support research and management decisions. The series covers the full modelling workflow, including: - *Building and interpreting species distribution models* from survey and environmental data - *Advanced modelling approaches*, including Bayesian SDMs - *Mechanistic niche modelling* incorporating physiological and environmental processes - *Model validation and evaluation* to assess predictive performance - *Applied modelling tools* such as Maxent, Biomod2, BART, and NicheMapR These methods are highly relevant for marine mammal research, including predicting habitat suitability, identifying environmental drivers of distribution, forecasting range shifts under climate change, and supporting marine spatial planning. Whether you work with *survey data, telemetry datasets, acoustic monitoring, or environmental covariates*, this training series provides a structured pathway to developing practical modelling skills for marine mammal ecology. Email oliver(a)prstats.org with any questions -- Oliver Hooker PhD. PR stats

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ECS workshop: Tackling marine mammal bycatch challenges through different mitigation approaches in collaboration with stakeholders
by Dunja Jusufovski - HAFRO 11 Mar '26

11 Mar '26

[APOLOGIES FOR CROSS-POSTING] Dear MARMAM community, In the light of the upcoming ECS Conference in Dundee, Scotland, we would like to invite you to participate in an engaging full-day workshop entitled "Tackling marine mammal bycatch challenges through different mitigation approaches in collaboration with stakeholders" that will take place on 20th April 2026, from 9:00-17:30. The workshop was created on the initiative of currently ongoing EU-funded projects on bycatch reduction and will cover different bycatch aspects and geographical areas experiencing this issue. Bycatch is a persistent source of human-caused mortality for many marine mammals, especially for small odontocetes and pinnipeds. This complex and sensitive issue requires careful consideration and integration of different and sometimes opposing perspectives where mutual trust, dialogue and co-creation are essential. Following an increased effort to reduce marine mammal bycatch in artisanal and commercial fisheries in the last decade, the workshop will provide a comprehensive overview of recent bycatch mitigation approaches addressing: 1) Current knowledge on bycatch, 2) Recent developments, trials, and challenges in the uptake of different bycatch approaches in experimental and commercial fisheries settings, 3) Wider implications and long-term effects of bycatch mitigation measures on endangered marine mammals, 4) Best practices for co-creation of bycatch solutions with fishers, scientists, gear developers, and other stakeholders, and 5) Challenges in bycatch trial designs and data analysis. Along with informative sessions on ongoing bycatch research and latest findings, participants will be engaged in exercises specifically tailored to experience the importance of perspective. For those interested, please register via the ECS web site<https://www.europeancetaceansociety.eu/conference-workshops-37> (workshop code: 20F5). For any additional information, do not hesitate to contact me at dunja.jusufovski(a)hafogvatn.is<mailto:dunja.jusufovski@hafogvatn.is> Best regards, Dunja Jusufovski Hafrannsóknastofnun - rannsókna- og ráðgjafarstofnun hafs og vatna / Marine and Freshwater Research Institute Fornubúðir 5, 220 Hafnarfjörður dunja.jusufovski(a)hafogvatn.is <mailto:dunja.jusufovski@hafogvatn.is> www.hafogvatn.is <http://www.hafogvatn.is/> Þekking - Samvinna - Þor

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New publication: Costs of maternal care revealed through body condition in Northern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca)
by Sharon Kay 10 Mar '26

10 Mar '26

Dear MARMAM community, We are pleased to share our recent publication in Scientific Reports, 'Costs of maternal care revealed through body condition in Northern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca)'. Access to the article is here: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-38696-0 'In species with prolonged parental investment, extended care imposes considerable costs. In Northern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca), maternal investment is demanding due to long gestation, extended lactation, and lifelong care of non-dispersing offspring. Using 10 years of aerial images, we assessed whether reproduction and maternal care affected body condition in 66 reproductive-aged females. Females in late pregnancy had significantly higher body condition than those not pregnant or with unsuccessful pregnancies, while females in the first two years of lactation had significantly lower condition. By year three, body condition rebounded, coinciding with weaning. To evaluate long-term costs, we analyzed body condition in 75 adult females relative to: (1) number of living offspring (life-long parental care hypothesis), (2) lifetime births (successive reproduction hypothesis), and (3) number of living sons (expensive sons hypothesis), while accounting for prey abundance. Maternal condition declined with increasing numbers of living offspring and lifetime births, independent of Pacific Salmon Commission Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) abundance index. Living offspring was the strongest predictor of the reproductive history covariates, supporting the life-long parental care hypothesis. We found no support for the expensive sons hypothesis. These findings highlight energetic costs of extended maternal investment in long-lived, socially complex species.' Kay, S.W., Rowley, A.G., Visona-Kelly, B.C. et al. Costs of maternal care revealed through body condition in Northern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca). Sci Rep 16, 5355 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-38696-0 We hope you enjoy the read! -Sharon Kay

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Northeast USA Student Conference
by SMM NESC 10 Mar '26

10 Mar '26

Hello, The Northeast Student Chapter (NESC) of the Society for Marine Mammalogy (SMM) is excited to announce our 4th Annual Conference, happening on Saturday April 4th, with an optional event on Sunday April 5th! We invite undergraduate and graduate students, recent graduates, and postdocs from the Northeast United States (including Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania) who are interested in marine mammal science to register and attend. Presenting at the conference is not required to attend, so whether you are presenting research or simply looking to learn and network, we’d love for you to join us! We are honored to announce two keynote speakers that will be presenting on their research and careers in addition to our student presenters. Our speakers are: Dr. Nadine Lysiak, a research scientist at the New England Aquarium studying North Atlantic Right Whale ecophysiology; Amanda Holdman, an acoustician with the NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center studying odontocetes in the Northwest Atlantic; and we are currently working to confirm a third speaker and look forward to sharing that announcement soon. We are thrilled to host these amazing marine mammal scientists and encourage everyone to come to the conference to learn from and get to know them! Please note that registration is required whether you are in-person or virtual, and there is a small but OPTIONAL fee of $30 to help cover food and supply costs (breakfast, snacks, coffee, and lunch on Saturday). As always, whatever money is unused at the end will be returned back to you. If you do not wish to pay this fee, you may still attend, but you will have to pack your own food. To register, please complete the form here ( https://forms.gle/TwJY5aY5SzWWqF1B6) The deadline to register is Friday, March 20th. If you have any questions or need additional information, feel free to contact us at smmnortheaststudentchapter(a)gmail.com. We look forward to seeing you there! Sincerely, The SMM Northeast Student Chapter Leadership Team -- Callyan Lacio, President Jess Veo, Vice President Ilaria Coero-Borga, Secretary *Northeast USA Student Chapter* <https://marinemammalscience.org/professional-development/chapters/northeast…> *The Society for Marine Mammalogy * *Anonymous Suggestion Form* <https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1mZAy-DYo9aC3iyySShsUjzvpM3Jc8sjbBgT-c_iJJ4…>

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New publication: Effects of Recreational Boats on Harbour Porpoise Swimming Speed and Surfacing Interval Investigated by Two Synchronised UAVs (Johannes Till)
by Johannes Till 10 Mar '26

10 Mar '26

Dear MARMAM community, My co-authors and I are pleased to share our recently published open-access publication: Till, J., Palmqvist, V., Wilk, E.N., Carlsson, P., Stedt, J., 2026. Effects of Recreational Boats on Harbour Porpoise Swimming Speed and Surfacing Interval Investigated by Two Synchronised UAVs. Ecol. Evol. 16, e73165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.73165 ABSTRACT Cetaceans are negatively affected by anthropogenic activities, including acoustic and physical disturbance from boat traffic. Behavioural responses to such disturbances are context-dependent, and site-specific insights are needed for effective local management plans. In this study, the impact of speed and proximity of recreational boats on the swimming speed and surfacing interval of one of the most common coastal cetacean species, the harbour porpoise (*Phocoena phocoena*), is investigated using data collected by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) within a key habitat for the vulnerable Belt Sea population. In August 2024, two UAVs were flown simultaneously on predefined routes within the area. One UAV searched for and followed detected porpoises, while the other monitored recreational boats. All data was captured as UAV video and used to determine surfacing intervals of individual porpoises, measure speed of porpoises and boats and calculate the closest distance between porpoises and boats for each simultaneous sighting. A total of 91 synchronous flights were conducted, resulting in 28 porpoise observational events. GLM analyses showed that an interaction between mean boat speed and distance to the boat influenced the mean speed of the porpoises. In the presence of boats with high mean speeds, porpoises at close range reduced their swimming speed, while porpoises at greater distances instead increased their swimming speed. Also, porpoise surfacing intervals decreased (i.e., porpoises surfaced more frequently) with decreasing distance to boats. This study demonstrates that recreational boats influence the behaviour of porpoises, which could lead to potential negative individual- and population-level effects. The full article is freely available online: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ece3.73165 Please do not hesitate to reach out if you have questions or to request the PDF. Enjoy the read! Johannes Till, Valdemar Palmqvist, Emely Noa Wilk, Per Carlsson and Johanna Stedt _______________________________________________________________ Johannes Till, MSc Lund University Department of Biology Telephone: +49 17656971206 E-mail: jo8427ti-s(a)student.lu.se

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New publication: Transcriptomic insights into the immune responses of the lung and muscle of non-healthy harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena)
by Dönmez, Eda 10 Mar '26

10 Mar '26

Dear MARMAM community, My co-authors and I are pleased to share our recent open access publication in the Frontiers in Immunology Research Topic "Immune Adaptations in Aquatic Species: Defenses, Gene Diversity, and Environmental Stressors". Dönmez EM, Fabrizius A and Siebert U (2026) Transcriptomic insights into the immune responses of the lung and muscle of non-healthy harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). Front. Immunol. 17:1738836. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1738836 Abstract The harbor porpoise populations of the North and Baltic Seas are highly impacted by human activities, including underwater-radiated noise, fisheries and pollution. These cumulative stressors can have various detrimental effects, such as reduced foraging success, altered behavior and an impaired immune system. Harbor porpoises especially suffer from diseases of the respiratory tract which are partly caused or exacerbated by high parasitic prevalence in the lungs that may ultimately affect diving ability and competitiveness due to insufficient oxygen uptake and supply to the locomotor musculature. To investigate pathophysiological mechanisms and potential compensatory adaptations to pathogenic insults, we employed transcriptomics and compared lungs and muscles of harbor porpoises with compromised respiratory health to healthy individuals. Additionally, a de novo transcriptome assembly was generated to identify transcripts that may be involved in immune-related responses. Non-healthy harbor porpoises showed a distinct host-pathogen defense reaction in the lung, suggesting similarities to immune responses of humans suffering from lung diseases, which may be conserved along the mammalian lineage despite vastly different habitats. However, the lung transcriptomes did not indicate a Th2 immune response which is typically activated upon parasitic insults. Severely infected harbor porpoises may be overwhelmed or weakened by prolonged parasitic exposure and immune activation, possibly affecting simultaneous pathogenic clearance and tissue repair. The muscles of non-healthy harbor porpoises exhibited enhanced stress signaling and tightly regulated tissue degradation/regeneration, potentially reflecting a chronic inflammation state. Higher expression of hypoxia- and oxidative stress-associated transcripts in the muscle were consistent with hypoxia-induced transcriptional patterns and suggest a systemic pathological challenge. The de novo assembly identified significantly dysregulated non-coding RNAs in the lung and muscle which may be associated with regulatory processes. Several transcripts of the de novo assembly remained unidentified, thus their putative function needs to be elucidated. In marine mammals, the understanding of molecular immune responses still remains incomplete. This is the first study to describe the lung transcriptome of wild harbor porpoises in regard to pathophysiology. These insights contribute to the understanding of the interaction between anthropogenic impacts, infectious diseases and molecular immune responses in cetaceans, thus supporting cetacean health assessments and conservation efforts. Please feel free to reach out if you have any questions. Best wishes, Eda Dönmez Eda Dönmez PhD student Molecular Animal Physiology Institute of Animal Cell and Systems Biology Room 509 University of Hamburg Martin-Luther-King Platz 3 20146 Hamburg Tel: +49 40 - 42838 3938 eda.doenmez(a)uni-hamburg.de<mailto:eda.doenmez@uni-hamburg.de>

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Reminder: ECS Workshop: 20AM3: Enhancing Marine Mammal Conservation through the Integration of Animal Welfare Science
by Rebecca Boys 10 Mar '26

10 Mar '26

Dear marine mammal community, This is a reminder email about the workshop that we will be hosting “20AM3: Enhancing Marine Mammal Conservation through the Integration of Animal Welfare Science” during the 37th European Cetacean Society conference in Dundee. We would like to invite those actively involved in running/managing marine mammal research studies. If you are interested in attending, please follow the sign-up instructions on the ECS conference website https://www.europeancetaceansociety.eu/conference-workshops-37. Following sign up you will receive a link to complete a pre-workshop questionnaire. The results from the surveys, alongside discussions in our workshop, will be used to inform a published paper and set of recommendations. This interactive workshop is designed to advance the practical assessment of animal welfare in free-ranging marine mammals by bridging the gap between theoretical frameworks and on-the-ground application. We will showcase several recently developed welfare assessment frameworks, followed by brief case studies to demonstrate their real-world use. The core of our session will address a central, practical question: how can we leverage existing data streams and methodologies—on behaviour, health, physiology, and the environment—to evaluate welfare? To ensure focused and relevant discussions, a pre-workshop questionnaire will catalogue the types of data participants routinely collect and the methods employed. Through collaborative brainstorming, we aim to develop strategies for integrating welfare assessments into existing monitoring and conservation programs. Our ultimate goals are to identify opportunities for standardizing methods, repurposing existing data, and fostering a collaborative community to improve the global understanding of how robust welfare assessment can complement and enhance marine mammal conservation efforts. This workshop is aimed at attendees that have experience in and regularly undertake cetacean fieldwork, data collection and analyses, as the workshop will focus on such data that can be used in welfare assessments. Thank you, Rebecca M Boys On behalf of all workshop organisers Agathe Serres (Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory, Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Rebecca M. Boys (Cetacean Ecology Research Group, Massey University), Laetitia Nunny (OceanCare), Mark P. Simmonds (Bristol Veterinary School & OceanCare), Madison Miketa (Humane World for Animals), Karen Stockin (Cetacean Ecology Research Group & Animal Welfare Science and Bioethics Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University) ------------------------------------------------------------- Rebecca M Boys, Ph.D. Marine Biology and Animal Welfare Science Research Fellow, Queens University Belfast, Northern Ireland Honorary Research Fellow, University of Bristol Veterinary School, UK Research Affiliate, Cetacean Ecology Research Group, Massey University New Zealand Assistant Network Manager, Animal Welfare Research Network, UK European Cetacean Society National Contact Person for New Zealand Check out our Research Topic that is open for submissions! https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/75704/advancing-marine-mammal-w… [cid:66c29c00-0776-4cbd-ae4f-95c626e8d310]<https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebecca_Boys> [cid:aed8cbfa-dc27-43fc-b0ea-eab3a9bdafa1] <https://scholar.google.co.nz/citations?hl=en&user=7rHpOpMAAAAJ> [cid:fa3710b5-34bb-4a15-ac60-015b1e2830d7] <https://twitter.com/RebeccaMBoys> [cid:57be8b94-d2a8-48a8-b710-ff9ec59ed463] <https://www.facebook.com/CetaceanEcologyOrg/?__xts__[0]=68.ARBKlWSLR-YC7KHN…> [cid:66a4a283-7e5c-4ca9-be1e-9b3fedfff0a1] <https://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/explore/research/animal-veterinary/animal/m…>

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Measuring Whales
by Sam Rogers 10 Mar '26

10 Mar '26

Hello MARMAM members, Hope you don't mind a message out of the blue! We built a tool to measure whales, which we call WHASER. It’s an easy-to-use LiDAR range finding device that can be attached to any drone, enabling accurate photogrammetric assessments of whales. More info here: https://www.tandem.ventures/whaser This whale measuring tool was created in collaboration with the charity Whale Wise, who now use it for their research in Iceland. We have now deployed more WHASERs to research teams in Hawaii and Chilean Patagonia, with more heading out soon. We are providing these to charities as close to at-cost as possible, our aim is is to get these out there, not to make money. We are looking to take WHASER on a great expedition to conduct some ‘world first’ research, perhaps a new species or a new location. We have looked at South Georgia Island, Antarctica, the Golfo de Penas in Chile, and we’re open to all options. Might there be any opportunities to tag along on an expedition or research trip? (we will bring a WHASER). The more adventurous, the better! We will make a film about the adventure to celebrate the fantastic marine science happening worldwide, and to showcase how technology can have a useful impact in these studies. Thank you Sam Rogers Co-Founder - Tandem Ventures ___________________

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New publication: Population Demographics of Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) in Western Australia
by Marissa Hutchings 09 Mar '26

09 Mar '26

Dear MARMAM community, My co-authors and I are pleased to share our recent open-access publication in Marine Mammal Science: Hutchings, M. J., G. J. Parra, R. Wellard, J. A. Totterdell, I. M. Reeves, and L. Möller. 2026. “Population Demographics of Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) in Western Australia”. Marine Mammal Science, vol. 42, no. 2: e70151. https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70151. Abstract: Understanding population demographics is crucial for the effective conservation of species. This is particularly important for apex predators, such as the killer whale (Orcinus orca), which play important roles in maintaining the structure and function of ecosystems. In this study, we used capture-mark-recapture (CMR) modeling to assess killer whale demographics at two distinct aggregation sites in Western Australia: the Ningaloo Reef (NW) and Bremer Sub-basin (SW). Using 12 years of photo-identification (photo-ID) data from the NW and 6 years from the SW, we applied open population models (POPAN and Cormack–Jolly–Seber) to estimate the abundance (Ntotal), apparent survival (Phi), capture probability (p), and probability of entry (pent) of killer whales inhabiting these key areas. Abundance estimates in the NW, which combined females, males, and individuals of unknown sex (Ntotal = 47 ± 2, 95% CI = 43–52), revealed a small, well-marked, and frequently resighted population with high apparent survival (Phifemale = 0.98 ± 0.016, 95% CI = 0.91–0.99; Phimale = 0.88 ± 0.060, 95% CI = 0.71–0.96; Phiunknown = 0.82 ± 0.064, 95% CI = 0.66–0.92). In contrast, abundance estimates in the SW, which separated sexed adults (Ntotal = 102 ± 7, 95% CI = 88–117) from the unknown sex group, suggested a much larger and more transient population with variable apparent survival (Phifemale = 0.98 ± 0.001, 95% CI = 0.97–0.98; Phimale = 0.82 ± 0.012, 95% CI = 0.79–0.84; Phiunknown(T) = 0.65 ± 0.177, 95% CI = 0.29–0.90; Phiunknown(R) = 0.84 ± 0.185, 95% CI = 0.26–0.99). Variation in population demography between the two study areas likely reflects divergent ecological and evolutionary histories shaped by both genetic and environmental factors. Additionally, differences in habitat accessibility, individual distinctiveness, and sampling design may have influenced detectability and model outcomes. These results provide vital baseline demographic data for killer whales in Australian waters and highlight the need for standardized long-term monitoring to inform conservation management strategies. Please feel free to contact us with any questions. Thank you, Dr. Marissa Hutchings PhD - Flinders University BMSc (Hons) - James Cook University Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Lab (CEBEL) College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park SA 5042 [image002.png] Flinders University acknowledges the Traditional Owners and Custodians of the lands and waters on which its campuses are located, these are the Traditional Lands of the Arrernte, Dagoman, First Nations of the South-East, First Peoples of the River Murray & Mallee region, Jawoyn, Kaurna, Larrakia, Ngadjuri, Ngarrindjeri, Peramangk, Ramindjeri, Warumungu, Wardaman and Yolngu people. We honour their Elders past, present and emerging. This email and any attachments may be confidential. If you are not the intended recipient, please inform the sender by reply email and delete all copies of this message. Please consider the environment before printing this email.

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New publication: Changes in age-related sexual selection in a humpback whale population recovering from exploitation
by Franca Eichenberger 09 Mar '26

09 Mar '26

Dear MARMAM community, On behalf of my coauthors, I am pleased to share our recent publication: Franca Eichenberger, Emma L. Carroll, Claire Garrigue, Simon Jarman, Debbie J. Steel, Jooke Robbins, Luke Rendell, Ellen C. Garland. Changes in age-related sexual selection in a humpback whale population recovering from exploitation. Current Biology 36. 1115-1127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2026.01.018 ABSTRACT: Whaling, one of the most extensive and prolonged global commercial hunting operations, pushed many large whales to the brink of extinction. To understand how evolutionary processes may be directly impacted by the consequences of exploitation, we assessed age-dependent population dynamics, reproductive tactics, and reproductive success of 485 male humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) from a recovering breeding ground in New Caledonia. Over 19 years (2000–2018), the population age structure switched from a left-skewed, rapidly increasing low-density population toward a more evenly distributed age structure when abundance was higher in later years. Concurrent with the change in population age structure across time, there was a shift in age-related male mating tactics. Most strikingly, during years of higher abundance, the key reproductive tactics of singing and escorting were over-represented by older age categories when compared with the underlying age structure, suggesting age- and/or density-related tactic choice in males. This behavioral shift corresponded with an increase in the relative reproductive success of the oldest males during periods of higher abundance compared with lower abundance. Overall, our work suggests that at lower population densities, young males were less constrained by age-related restrictions on reproductive success. A reduction of age-related sexual selection could have acted to buffer genetic diversity loss during a time of lower abundance, when this was most critical. Integrating these changes in the pattern of sexual selection with population dynamics provides critical insights into the evolutionary consequences of exploitation and recovery in long-lived species. The full article is open access and available online: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982226000576?via%3Di… Please do not hesitate to reach out with questions or to request a PDF copy. Cheers, Franca -- Franca Eichenberger, PhD Postdoctoral Researcher Sea Mammal Research Unit | Scottish Oceans Institute University of St Andrews (Scotland, UK) Current time zone: GMT (UTC+0) or BST (UTC+1) Bluesky<https://bsky.app/profile/francae.bsky.social> | LinkedIn<https://www.linkedin.com/in/franca-eichenberger-40a48433a/> | ResearchGate<https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Franca-Eichenberger?ev=hdr_xprf>

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