January 2021 - MARMAM - devlists.uvic.ca

New Publication: Steroid hormones in Pacific walrus bones collected over three millennia indicate physiological responses to changes in estimated population size and the environment
by Charapata, Patrick 28 Jan '21

28 Jan '21

Hello MARMAM Members, On behalf of my colleagues and myself, I am excited to share with you all our new research article: “Steroid hormones in Pacific walrus bones collected over three millennia indicate physiological responses to changes in estimated population size and the environment”, now available in Conservation Physiology. The article is Open Access and can be found here<http://bit.ly/39taanC>. Charapata P, Horstmann L, Misarti N (2021) Steroid hormones in Pacific walrus bones collected over three millennia indicate physiological responses to changes in estimated population size and the environment. ConservPhysiol 9(1): coaa135; doi:10.1093/conphys/coaa135. Abstract The Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) is an iconic Arctic marine mammal and an important resource to many Alaska Natives. A decrease in sea ice habitat and unknown population numbers has led to concern of the long-term future health of the walrus population. There is currently no clear understanding of how walrus physiology might be affected by a changing Arctic ecosystem. In this study, steroid hormone concentrations (progesterone, testosterone, cortisol and estradiol) were analysed in walrus bones collected during archaeological [3585–200 calendar years before present (BP)], historical [1880–2006 common era (CE)] and modern (2014–2016 CE) time periods, representing ~ 3651 years, to track changes in reproductive activity and cortisol concentrations (biomarker of stress) over time. Our results show that modern walrus samples have similar cortisol concentrations (median = 43.97 ± standard deviation 904.38 ng/g lipid) to archaeological walruses (38.94 ± 296.17 ng/g lipid, P = 0.75). Cortisol concentrations were weakly correlated with a 15-year average September Chukchi Sea ice cover (P = 0.002, 0.02, r2 = 0.09, 0.04, for females and males, respectively), indicating a possible physiological resiliency to sea ice recession in the Arctic. All steroid hormones had significant negative correlations with mean walrus population estimates from 1960 to 2016 (P < 0.001). Progesterone in females and testosterone in males exhibited significant correlations with average September Chukchi Sea ice cover for years 1880–2016 (P < 0.001 for both, r2 = 0.34, 0.22, respectively). Modern walruses had significantly lower (P = < 0.001) reproductive hormone concentrations compared with historic walruses during times of rapid population increase, indicative of a population possibly at carrying capacity. This is the first study to apply bone as a tool to monitor long-term changes in hormones that may be associated with changes in walrus population size and sea ice cover. Please email me (Patrick_charapata1(a)baylor.edu<mailto:Patrick_charapata1@baylor.edu>) if you have any questions or are interested in the manuscript. If for any reason you do not have access to the article through the link, I would be happy to provide a PDF of the manuscript upon request. Cheers, Patrick Charapata PhD Candidate, Baylor University Patrick_charapata1(a)baylor.edu<mailto:Patrick_charapata1@baylor.edu>

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2 year Post Doc position: modelling effects of ship noise on marine mammals
by Anders Galatius 28 Jan '21

28 Jan '21

Dear MARMAMers, We are pleased to announce a 2-year Post Doc position regarding modelling the population effects of ship noise on marine mammals at Section for Marine Mammal Research, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University. For more information, please visit https://international.au.dk/about/profile/vacant-positions/job/2-year-postd… and please forward to those potentially interested. Best regards on behalf of the section, Anders Galatius ___________________________________________ Anders Galatius, PhD Senior scientist, Biologist Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University Section for Marine Mammal Research Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark Phone: +45 87158694 Mobile: +45 28710372 http://person.au.dk/en/agj@bios.au.dk [sender_logo_uk]

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New publication on a newborn neonate of Longman's beaked whale stranded in Okinawa, Japan
by Nozomi Kobayashi 28 Jan '21

28 Jan '21

Dear MARMAM community, My co-authors and I are pleased to share our new publication titled “The first record of a Longman’s beaked whale (*Indopacetus pacificus*) newborn neonate found on Miyako Island, Okinawa, Japan” which is now available in the open-access journal of Marine Biodiversity Records. by Nozomi Kobayashi, Sachie Ozawa, Nozomi Hanahara, Koji Tokutake, Takaaki Kaneshi, Ken Inoue, Haruna Okabe, Kei Miyamoto and Keiichi Ueda Abstract The Longman’s beaked whale (*Indopacetus pacificus*) is one of the rarest cetaceans worldwide. Since it was first described as its own species in 1926, they have been observed alive at sea on several occasions, and less than 20 strandings have been reported worldwide to date. Thus, basic information regarding this species, such as the maximum size of adult individuals or body length at birth, remains unknown. In this study, the external appearance and DNA analysis of a female Longman’s beaked whale stranded on Miyako Island, Okinawa, Japan, are reported. The external appearance of the specimen matched the features of the Longman’s beaked whale presented in previous studies. The mitochondrial DNA control-region sequences obtained from the specimen also matched the reference sequences of the species deposited in GenBank. Based on these features, the specimen was confirmed as a Longman’s beaked whale. The specimen was estimated to be neonate because of its body length (235 cm) and the clear several fetal folds observed on its body surface. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a confirmed new born neonate of Longman’s beaked whale in the world. The article is open-access, and full text PDF is available here: https://mbr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41200-021-00201-z Please feel free to contact us if you have questions! Best, Nozomi Kobayashi ************************************************************* Nozomi Kobayashi, Ph. D. Zoological Lab. Okinawa Churashima Research Center Okinawa Churashima Foundation https://churashima.okinawa/en/ocrc/marine_organisms Okinawa, Japan E-mail：n-kobayashi(a)okichura.jp *************************************************************

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new publication: Optimal Localization Hypothesis
by Chloe Elizabeth Malinka 28 Jan '21

28 Jan '21

Dear MARMAM community, We'd like to let you know about a new publication in JASA where we re-evaluate optimal localization hypothesis as an echolocation strategy used by odontocetes: Beedholm, K., Malinka, C., Ladegaard, M., and P. T. Madsen. (2021). Do echolocating toothed whales direct their acoustic gaze on- or off-target in a static detection task?<https://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/10.0003357> The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 149, 581-590. Abstract: Echolocating mammals produce directional sound beams with high source levels to improve echo-to-noise ratios and reduce clutter. Recent studies have suggested that the differential spectral gradients of such narrow beams are exploited to facilitate target localization by pointing the beam slightly off targets to maximize the precision of angular position estimates [maximizing bearing Fisher information (FI)]. Here, we test the hypothesis that echolocating toothed whales focus their acoustic gaze askew during target detection to maximize spectral cues by investigating the acoustic gaze direction of two trained delphinids (Tursiops truncatus and Pseudorca crassidens) echolocating to detect an aluminum cylinder behind a hydrophone array in a go/no-go paradigm. The animals rarely placed their beam axis directly on the target, nor within the narrow range around the off-axis angle that maximizes FI. However, the target was, for each trial, ensonified within the swath of the half-power beam width, and hence we conclude that the animals solved the detection task using a strategy that seeks to render high echo-to-noise ratios rather than maximizing bearing FI. We posit that biosonar beam adjustment and acoustic gaze strategies are likely task-dependent and that maximizing bearing FI by pointing off-axis does not improve target detection performance. The PDF is also available on the Bioacoustics Aarhus lab website<https://marinebioacoustics.wordpress.com/publications/>. Kindest regards, Chloe Chloe Malinka, PhD Fellow Marine Bioacoustics Lab<http://www.marinebioacoustics.com/> . Zoophysiology, Dept. Biology Aarhus University C.F. Møllers Allé 3, Building 1131 DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark . Email: chloe.e.malinka(a)bios.au.dk<mailto:chloe.e.malinka@bios.au.dk> Twitter: @c_malinka<https://twitter.com/c_malinka> [AU_Logo]

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Volunteer field assistant opportunity for tropical dolphin research, North West Cape, Australia, 2021 (Aus/NZ applicants only)
by Jonathan Syme 27 Jan '21

27 Jan '21

Dear all, I am looking for experienced field assistants to conduct boat-based observations and photo-identification of Australian humpback dolphins and Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins around the North West Cape in Western Australia for 4 months beginning on the 1st May 2021. **Please note** that unfortunately due to the current Australian Government COVID-19 travel restrictions, only applicants that are currently in Australia or New Zealand will be considered. Overview: This research aims to investigate the behavioural ecology of mixed-species groups of Australian humpback, Sousa sahulensis, and Indo-Pacific bottlenose, Tursiops aduncus, dolphins around the North West Cape as part of a larger study of these dolphin populations. This is an opportunity to gain experience in field techniques for small cetacean research and contribute to a project with very high conservation and management value. Furthermore, it provides assistants the opportunity to conduct research in a truly unique natural setting along the World Heritage Listed Ningaloo Coast, home to one of the longest near-shore reefs in the world, Ningaloo Reef. The region is highly abundant with marine life, including seasonal visits from whale sharks (April-August), humpback whales (June-November), orcas (July-August) and manta rays (June-October). Location: Exmouth, Western Australia Fieldwork dates: 1st May 2021 - 31st August 2021 (commitment to the full 4 month period is preferred) Application deadline: 28th February 2021 Duties: The season will be split into "boat days" and "land days" which is purely dependent on weather. "Boat days": Boat work is conducted 7 days a week (often for extended hours) throughout the entire field season weather permitting. Boat days consist of preparing and cleaning the boat and field equipment, boat-based transect surveys searching for dolphin groups, taking images of dorsal fins, and recording information on group size, composition, behaviour, as well as recording environmental data. At times, there will be opportunities to drive the boat. At the conclusion of the day, photo-ID images will be loaded onto the computer and cameras will be charged and set up for the next morning. In order to keep on top of data entry, it is expected that some work will be done in the evenings on returning to the house. A structured schedule will be set up with rotations of field duties, time off, and specific duties for each person. "Land days": when conditions are less than ideal, expect to spend time in the office doing data entry, scoring photographs, and fin matching. During these days, there will also be plenty of opportunity to explore the surrounding area, which is an ideal location for those who enjoy diving, surfing, hiking, and wildlife. We will be staying in a rented house in Exmouth, Western Australia, for the duration of the field season and cooking and housekeeping duties will be shared equally among all team members. What to expect: Field assistants need to be available full-time, including weekends, and be prepared for early morning departures (6-7AM), long days (8-10 hours) on the water in warm weather for multiple consecutive days, and lengthy days working with the collected data. Fieldwork is weather dependent. If the weather is unsuitable, we will not conduct surveys and could spend several days in a row on land, however, if the weather is good, it could be several days before we get a day on land. Bring some books to read or movies to watch in the down time. Ningaloo is home to a large array of marine fauna so expect to see whales, sea turtles, whale sharks, dugongs, manta rays, sharks, and crystal clear waters over beautiful tropical reefs. Most of all, expect to learn a lot while having an awesome time. Prerequisites: * Enrolled in or completed a degree in marine science, ecology, biology, animal behaviour, life sciences or a related field (highly desirable); * Experience in working on a small boat and no history of sea sickness (highly desirable); * Experience driving a boat (highly desirable); * Experience in photo-ID survey techniques (highly desirable); * Experience in field research on small cetaceans (highly desirable); * Experience in working in remote areas (highly desirable); * Be team-oriented and have an enthusiastic and proactive attitude to hard work, long hours and collecting data on the natural environment (essential); * Be flexible as weather dependent fieldwork requires flexibility and involves plans changing, sometimes at the last minute (essential); * Proficient use of Microsoft Excel (highly desirable); * Experience in using DISCOVERY photo identification software (desirable); * Fluent in English (essential) Expenses: Unfortunately, we are unable to provide monetary compensation or living provisions and field assistants will be responsible for their own travel to Exmouth (direct flights available from Perth) and living expenses. Costs for accommodation and food will be split among the research leader and assistants ($100-$200 a week each). Applications: If you are interested in being part of the team, please send a CV (max. 3 pages), a 1-page cover letter outlining your relevant experience in regards to the above prerequisites, and contact details of two relevant referees to jonathan.syme(a)flinders.edu.au by 28th February 2021. Short-listed candidates will be contacted to schedule an interview. Kind regards, Jonathan Syme PhD Candidate Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Lab (CEBEL), Flinders University, South Australia jonathan.syme(a)flinders.edu.au @jonathan_syme @CEBELresearch

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Expanded registration for American Cetacean Society - Virtual Conference (Jan. 30)
by Uko Gorter 27 Jan '21

27 Jan '21

Dear All, As registration for our American Cetacean Society (ACS) — Virtual Conference (Saturday, January 30 - 9:30am to 5pm US Pacific Time) filled up quickly, we have expanded our registration capacity (an additional 2000!) Registration is FREE! To register, click the link below: https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_5z9MkdjOT0CQLT4S51QLLg For more information and our schedule, go to the homepage of our ACS website: acsonline.org Here you can find direct links to our schedule. Note that times are indicated at US Pacific Time. Speakers are: Erich Hoyt, Gianna Minton, Peter Corkeron, J.G.M. ‘Hans’ Thewissen, Lori Marino, Michelle Fournet, Louisa Ponnampalam. You can also find a direct link to our Bonfire storefront for exciting conference merchandise. ——— We hope you can join us this coming Saturday! Regards, Uko Gorter, president AMERICAN CETACEAN SOCIETY acsonline.org PO Box 51691 Pacific Grove, CA 93950

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New publication: Why Baja? A bioenergetic model for comparing metabolic rates and thermoregulatory costs of gray whale calves (Eschrichtius robustus)
by James Sumich 27 Jan '21

27 Jan '21

I’m pleased to announce the publication of my new paper: Sumich JL. Why Baja? A bioenergetic model for comparing metabolic rates and thermoregulatory costs of gray whale calves (Eschrichtius robustus). Mar Mam Sci. 2021;1–18. ABSTRACT A bioenergetic model is developed from empirically derived equations of morphometric, ventilatory, and thermoregulatory variables to compare estimated field metabolic rates (FMR) of gray whale calves to estimates of unregulated body heat losses and consequent required thermogenesis at birth, natal lagoon departure, and weaning. Estimates of FMR are based on rates of oxygen consumption. Body surface and ventilatory heat fluxes are evaluated separately, then combined to estimate minimum total heat losses from birth to weaning at three ambient water temperature regimes typical of winter natal lagoons and Oregon coastal waters and arctic conditions during summer. Modelled heat losses of neonates in winter lagoons are half their estimated mean FMR. Neonates in good body condition appear to be capable of tolerating heat losses experienced in 10 ° C water without additional thermogenic activities above their estimated resting metabolic rates. This study provides new evidence that no thermoregulatory advantage accrues to neonates or to their mothers by being born in warm winter natal lagoons or by remaining there several weeks longer than other gray whales. Consequently, avoidance or reduced risk of killer whale predation seems a more likely candidate than reduced heat loss as the principal fitness benefit of low-latitude winter migrations. Link to the paper: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mms.12778 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mms.12778> Please feel free to contact me: jlsumich1(a)gmail.com <mailto:jlsumich1@gmail.com> Jim

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CORRECTION - IWC Ship Strikes and Strandings Data Manager position
by Iain Staniland 27 Jan '21

27 Jan '21

My apologies the advert for the IWC data manager position contained an incorrect link. The correct information is below and can also be found at: https://iwc.int/vacancies Employment opportunities within the IWC Secretariat IWC Ship Strikes and Strandings Data Manager The role will develop the IWC's capacity in data collation, management and provision focussing on Ship Strikes and Cetacean Strandings. In addition, the post-holder will contribute to the development of a coherent approach to reporting, databases and data management across the IWC and its work programmes, enhancing both the usability of IWC data holdings and sharing of these data with other organisations. The successful applicant will have excellent interpersonal skills and the ability to develop effective relationships with a wide range of stakeholders in a politically sensitive environment. They will have demonstrable professional experience in data management and the management of databases in addition to awareness of marine conservation issues and threats to cetaceans. They will be fluent in English. This post is advertised on a fixed term basis for 12 months from the date of appointment, with a possibility of extension subject to approval by the Commission and funding. Given the current restrictions on travel, remote working, will be considered for the initial year of the post, including from outside the UK. Applications should be sent to secretariat(a)iwc.int<mailto:secretariat@iwc.int> by 19 February 2021. For further information see application pack here.<https://iwc.int/public/downloads/PrsY1/Data%20Manager%20application%20pack.…> Equal opportunities statement We are an equal opportunities employer and we welcome applications from all suitably qualified persons regardless of their sex; religious or similar philosophical belief; political opinion; race; age; sexual orientation; or, whether they are married or are in a civil partnership; or, whether they are disabled; or whether they have undergone, are undergoing or intend to undergo gender reassignment Iain Staniland Lead for Science INTERNATIONAL WHALING COMMISSION The Red House, 135 Station Road, Impington, Cambridge, CB24 9NP, UK t. +44 (0) 1223 233971 d. +44 (0) 1223 XXXXXX m. +44 (0) XXXX XXXXXX www.iwc.int<http://www.iwc.int> Working hours: X am - X pm, Monday-Friday [cid:image001.png@01D6F48F.FA915EE0] This e-mail and any files transmitted with it may contain confidential or legally privileged information and is intended only for the use of the intended recipient(s). If you are not the named addressee you should delete the email and notify the sender immediately. E-mails are not secure and cannot be guaranteed to be error free as they can be intercepted, amended, or contain viruses. Any opinion and other statement contained in this message and any attachment are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of the International Whaling Commission.

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New Paper: Continuous-time Discrete-State Modeling for Deep Whale Dives
by Dr Robert Schick, Ph.D. 26 Jan '21

26 Jan '21

Hi All - On behalf of my co-authors, I’m please to announce the publication of our new paper: Hewitt, J., Schick, R.S. & Gelfand, A.E. Continuous-Time Discrete-State Modeling for Deep Whale Dives. JABES (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13253-020-00422-2 Abstract: Understanding unexposed/baseline behavior of marine mammals is required to assess the effects of increasing levels of anthropogenic noise exposure in the marine environment. However, quantifying variation in the baseline behavior of whales is challenging due to the fact that they spend much of their time at depth, and therefore, their diving behavior is not directly observable. Data collection employs tags as measurement devices to record vertical movement. We focus here on satellite tags, which have the advantage of collection over a time window of weeks. The type of data we analyze here suffers the disadvantage of being in the form of depths attached to an arbitrarily created set of depth bins and being sparse in time. We provide a multi-stage generative model for deep dives using a continuous-time discrete-space Markov chain. Then, we build a likelihood, incorporating dive-specific random effects, in order to fit this model to a set of satellite tag records, each consisting of a temporally misaligned collection of deep dives with sparse binned depths for each dive. Through simulation, we demonstrate the ability to recover true model parameters. With real satellite tag records, we validate the model out of sample and also provide inference regarding stage behavior, inter-tag record behavior, dive duration, and maximum dive depth. Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13253-020-00422-2 Please feel free to contact me with follow up questions: rss10 “at” duke.edu Best, Rob

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Marine Mammals of Maine Veterinary Preceptorship: Application Deadline Approaching
by Walk, Dominique 26 Jan '21

26 Jan '21

Marine Mammals of Maine (MMoME) is now accepting applications through February 3rd, 2021 for marine mammal veterinary preceptorship positions. MMoME is a non-profit organization federally authorized to respond to live and dead marine mammals and sea turtles between Kittery and Rockland, Maine, covering some of the busiest seal stranding activity on the East Coast. MMoME also operates a unique triage and rehabilitation center which provides critical care to sick and injured pinnipeds. Additionally, our mission heavily encompasses marine mammal research, education, and outreach. We are seeking to fill up to 3 positions to assist with the upcoming harbor seal pup season. Preceptors, interns, and volunteers are critical in fulfilling our mission and are given the unique opportunity to participate in a variety of activities. On a day-to-day basis, preceptors work under the supervision and direction of core MMoME staff and join our marine mammal veterinarian for regular patient rounds and a mentored project. Additionally, preceptors work daily alongside non- veterinary interns as a team to accomplish our broad scope of work during our busiest time of year. Preceptors will learn marine mammal field health assessment, handling, basic husbandry, and clinical care of pinnipeds, as well as Level A data collection, necropsy, and sampling of deceased marine mammals. The preceptorship is based out of Midcoast Maine (town of Brunswick), though travel throughout our response region and New England will be necessary. Preceptors will be required to dedicate a minimum of 40-50 hours per week (minimum of 4 days/week), and will include holidays, weekends, late nights, early mornings, and overnight care for critical patients as needed. This opportunity is unpaid, though seasonal job opportunities are available in the area. Housing is not provided but staff may be able to assist with sourcing options. KEY TASKS AND RESPONSIBILITIES SHARED AMONG ALL PRECEPTORS AND NON-VETERINARY INTERNS: STRANDING RESPONSE: respond to live and dead cetacean, pinniped, and sea turtle strandings in the field to collect Level A data, perform health assessments, and monitor, relocate, and collect for humane euthanasia or rehabilitation. Carcass collection for disposal or necropsy will also be required; PATIENT CARE: assist with all aspects relating to the care of sick, injured, and abandoned pinnipeds (primarily harbor seal pups) undergoing short, or long-term care at MMoME’s center. Tasks include primarily cleaning, as well as meal prep, tube-feeding, assisting with medical procedures, animal restraint for exams, running lab samples, medical record maintenance, cleaning, and transport to other long-term care facilities; NECROPSY: transport carcasses to necropsy and compost sites, assist staff with necropsy of fresh dead pinnipeds and cetaceans, archive necropsy samples, and maintain and clean necropsy equipment; EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: give presentations to the public about the organization, attend outreach events, and help create educational materials; OTHER TASKS: additional time will be spent on data entry, fundraising, extensive cleaning, and other tasks as needed. PRECEPTOR-SPECIFIC TASKS AND RESPONSIBILITIES: -Collect and process biological and diagnostic samples from stranded marine mammals, as well as from triage and rehabilitation pinniped patients in MMoME’s care. For example, blood samples from live marine mammals for diagnostic health evaluation, swabs from live and dead marine mammals for disease monitoring with partner research labs and patient health testing, culture samples from live and dead cases, necropsy tissue samples for histology or PCR testing, etc.; -Clinical rounds with MMoME’s veterinarian; -Assist staff and veterinarian with, and carry out clinical procedures such as IV, IM, or SQ injections and intravenous fluid therapy; -Provide after-hours medical care of triage or rehab patients in need of extended critical care as needed, and as directed by staff and veterinarian; -Conduct a project mentored by MMoME’s veterinarian (case study, nutritional study, etc.) to be completed during the preceptorship and presented to MMoME staff, veterinarian, and community. Research opportunities may be available depending on student interest, time, and permitting. REQUIREMENTS: -Must be actively enrolled in a veterinary program pursuing a DVM or similar degree. 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year domestic and international students are encouraged to apply. -Must be available to start no later than May 17th, 2021 and commit to the full period extending through August 15th. Preference given to those that can start prior to May 17th. -Must have demonstrated experience with physical restraint of animals in a clinical setting. Wildlife handling is preferred, though not required. -Must be able to work well as a positive team member with other preceptors and non-veterinary interns, staff, and veterinarian, work well with limited supervision, and be adaptable to a changing and unpredictable schedule; -Must be able to lift 50 pounds; -Must have a valid driver’s license, a good driving record, a reliable vehicle, and comfortable driving a full-size truck in urban and rural areas; -Preference given to applicants with marine mammal or other wildlife husbandry experience, and a demonstrated interest in marine mammal or conservation medicine; -Proof of Rabies vaccination or current titer. HOW TO APPLY: Please send a letter of interest which addresses the following questions: why you would like to be considered for this internship, how you meet the requirements, what your expectations are, what you think MMoME’ s expectations are, what you hope to gain from this opportunity, and the start and end dates you can commit to. Your application must also include a resume, one professional letter of recommendation, a copy of your current transcripts, and proof of rabies vaccine or current titer. Completed applications can be sent to info(a)mmome.org by 11:59 PM EST February 3rd, 2021. *Incomplete or late applications will not be considered*. For more information on MMoME or the preceptorship, visit www.mmome.org/veterinary-preceptorship/. We look forward to your application for this exciting experience! *Dominique Walk* *Assistant Stranding Coordinator* *Marine Mammals of MaineOffice: 207-844-8718* *Reporting Hotline: 1-800-532-9551* *www.mmome.org <http://www.mmome.org>*

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