May 2013 - MARMAM - devlists.uvic.ca

International Congress for Conservation Biology
by Chris Parsons 23 May '13

23 May '13

Dear marine mammal types, This is a friendly reminder that the regular registration period for the 26th International Congress for Conservation Biology (ICCB) closes on 28 May. More than 1,200 have already registered to attend. Please go to www.conbio.org/2013 for information on the Congress and to register. The Congress is being held in Baltimore, MD, USA from 21-25 July 2013. Keep in mind that registration rates will increase following the 28 May deadline so now's the best time to sign up for ICCB! There are many marine conservation-oriented talks and sessions, for example the symposium: "Integrating Marine Mammal Conservation: 21st Century Challenges" (on Tues 23rd July) Don't miss the marine section social on the evening of Monday 22nd July ON A PIRATE SHIP ! The full schedule of talks can be found at: http://www.conbio.org/images/content_conferences/ICCB-Contributed-Session-Sc hedule-for-Website_5.21.2013.xls Chris Parsons, Marine Section President and Governor, Society for Conservation Biology

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Urgently Needed French Speaking MMOs
by Emma Forrester 23 May '13

23 May '13

Good Day Marmamers! Hydenlyne is privately owned and was established in 2007. We provide project management, operational support, quality control services, well-site geological services, HSE advisors and Marine Mammal Observers (MMO)/Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) on seismic data and drilling projects world-wide. Our clients include independent oil companies and operators, major oil companies, and national oil and gas companies and government agencies. We have an upcoming seismic project offshore in South Africa and are urgently seeking French speaking MMOs. Applicants must have: * seismic experience * valid offshore certificates * must be available from 10th June for 8-10 weeks All those interested please forward you CV to myself at emmaforrester(a)hydenlyne.com with the subject heading "French Speaking MMO" Kind regards, Emma Forrester Project Manager (MMO/PAM) UK Mobile +44 (0)7730222001 Office +44 (0)1202 900078 Hydenlyne 1 Princes Court Princes Road Ferndown Dorset England BH22 9JG

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Humpback whales observers needed, Western Australia
by Amanda Hodgson 23 May '13

23 May '13

Blue Planet Marine (Sam du Fresne), Murdoch University (Josh Smith and Amanda Hodgson), and Counting Whales (Sharon Hedley) are conducting a pilot study that aims to test a number of methodologies for population abundance surveys of humpback whales in Western Australia. This project is not about carrying out an actual abundance survey but rather conducting land based observations simultaneously with aerial surveys, trialling independent methods to determine what is the best approach in the future for an abundance survey here in WA. There is a land-based component for which we will evaluate two new locations for conducting surveys: southern Dirk Hartog Island in Shark Bay and Yardie Creek south of Exmouth on the NW Cape. The other component is an aerial survey that will test two methods: circle back and cue counting, and will occur in the same locations. We are looking to two aerial survey observers, and two land-based observers, to conduct this work. As we are testing new methods and new locations, we'd like experienced people who we know will understand the concepts well enough for us to assess each of these aspects. SCHEDULE: All observers to arrive in Perth by 6th July 2013, and will be mobilised to Shark Bay on 7th July. Aerial team to fly in small plane (Partenavia) to Exmouth on 21st July. Land-based team to fly Shark Bay to Perth on 20th July, Perth to Exmouth on 21st July. All observers to demobilise back to Perth on 4th August. ACCOMMODATION: The aerial team will stay at the Peron Homestead (near Denham) while operating out of Shark Bay, and in a house at the Ningaloo Caravan and Holiday Resort while operating from Exmouth. The land-based team will likely stay at the 'old shearer's quarters' using camping equipment on Dirk Hartog Island, and then stay at Yardie Creek Homestead & Caravan Park on the NW Cape. REQUIREMENTS: Aerial survey observers – demonstrated experience conducting line transect surveys of whales (preferably humpback whales). Land-based survey observers – demonstrated experience spotting whales from land (or boat), and preferably, experience using a theodolite for tacking whales and/or using the computer program VADAR (previously known as Cyclops). EXPENSES/RENUMERATION: Aerial survey observers – all travel between Perth and the field sites, and all other expenses while in the field will be covered. You will also receive a modest salary. Travel costs between other major cities in Australia and Perth may be provided if necessary. Land-based observers – all travel between Perth and the field sites, and all other expenses while in the field will be covered. These are voluntary positions. CONTACT: Please email one of the following collaborators if you are interested in these positions, and provide a CV that describes your relevant experience. Note that only we can only take people available for the whole field trip. Sam du Fresnse: sam(a)blueplanetmarine.com<mailto:sam@blueplanetmarine.com> Josh Smith: joshua.smith(a)uqconnect.edu.au<mailto:joshua.smith@uqconnect.edu.au> Amanda Hodgson: a.hodgson(a)murdoch.edu.au<mailto:a.hodgson@murdoch.edu.au>

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American Cetacean Society/Puget Sound Chapter: Student Travel Grant to 2013 SMM biennial
by Uko Gorter 22 May '13

22 May '13

Dear MARMAM subscribers, The American Cetacean Society –Puget Sound Chapter would like to encourage student participation at the 20th Biennial conference (Dunedin, New Zealand) by awarding one travel grant to a current ACS Student Member selected by lottery from eligible applicants. During the conference, network with other fellow students and participate in the Student Affairs Workshop where you can meet with professionals in various disciplines. You will also be eligible to win awards for outstanding presentations in various categories. The student travel grant application period closes Friday, 5 July 2013 (11:59pm). One student travel grant of $500 will be selected by a lottery system from all applications received by the submission deadline. To qualify for this grant, you need to: 1) Make sure you are a current ACS member at the time of submission, (http://acsonline.org/support-acs/become-member/) 2) Be currently enrolled as a student at a recognized academic institution, 3) Be first author on an accepted oral or poster presentation about or related to cetaceans in the Pacific Northwest (British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and Alaska) 4) Register for the conference by the early registration deadline (1 August 2013). As an awardee, you will be asked to present your poster or presentation at a future ACS/PS general meeting, or in the event the recipient is unable to travel to Seattle, a write-up of their presentation for submission and posting to the ACS/PS website. Notification of the student travel grant awards will be made by Wednesday, 18 July 2013. If you are granted an award, you will need to ensure you register for the conference by the end of the early registration period (1 August, 2013) or your award will be given to another individual. Please submit your abstract and a brief bio electronically to acspsgrants(a)yahoo.com ------------------------------- We hope to secure more funding for additional travel grants. We will post these if and when available. Kind Regards, Uko Gorter, President Stephanie Norman, Grants Chair Uko Gorter, president 425-827-3437 uko(a)ukogorter.com ---------------------------- American Cetacean Society/Puget Sound Chapter P.O. Box 2341 Kirkland, WA 98083-2341 acspsinfo(a)acspugetsound.org www.acspugetsound.org

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New publication: Mitogenomic phylogenetics of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus spp.): genetic evidence for revision of subspecies
by Eric Archer - NOAA Federal 21 May '13

21 May '13

We are pleased to announce the publication of the following paper: Archer FI, Morin PA, Hancock-Hanser BL, Robertson KM, Leslie MS, Bérubé M, Panigada S, Taylor, BL (2013) Mitogenomic Phylogenetics of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera physalus spp.): Genetic Evidence for Revision of Subspecies. PLoS ONE 8(5): e63396. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063396 available online at http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063396 Please feel free to contact me with any questions. Cheers, Eric Archer Abstract There are three described subspecies of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus): B. p. physalus Linnaeus, 1758 in the Northern Hemisphere, B. p. quoyi Fischer, 1829 in the Southern Hemisphere, and a recently described pygmy form, B. p. patachonica Burmeister, 1865. The discrete distribution in the North Pacific and North Atlantic raises the question of whether a single Northern Hemisphere subspecies is valid. We assess phylogenetic patterns using ~16 K base pairs of the complete mitogenome for 154 fin whales from the North Pacific, North Atlantic - including the Mediterranean Sea - and Southern Hemisphere. A Bayesian tree of the resulting 136 haplotypes revealed several well-supported clades representing each ocean basin, with no haplotypes shared among ocean basins. The North Atlantic haplotypes (n = 12) form a sister clade to those from the Southern Hemisphere (n = 42). The estimated time to most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) for this Atlantic/Southern Hemisphere clade and 81 of the 97 samples from the North Pacific was approximately 2 Ma. 14 of the remaining North Pacific samples formed a well-supported clade within the Southern Hemisphere. The TMRCA for this node suggests that at least one female from the Southern Hemisphere immigrated to the North Pacific approximately 0.37 Ma. These results provide strong evidence that North Pacific and North Atlantic fin whales should not be considered the same subspecies, and suggest the need for revision of the global taxonomy of the species. -- Eric Archer, Ph.D. Southwest Fisheries Science Center NMFS, NOAA 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive La Jolla, CA 92037 USA 858-546-7121 (work) 858-546-7003 (FAX) Marine Mammal Genetics Group: swfsc.noaa.gov/prd-mmgenetics ETP Cetacean Assessment Program: swfsc.noaa.gov/prd-etp "The universe doesn't care what you believe. The wonderful thing about science is that it doesn't ask for your faith, it just asks for your eyes." - Randall Munroe "Lighthouses are more helpful than churches." - Benjamin Franklin "...but I'll take a GPS over either one." - John C. "Craig" George

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Correspondance in Nature: Whales: No mass strandings since sonar ban
by Antonio Jesús Fernández Rodríguez 21 May '13

21 May '13

Dear MARMAM subscribers: We are pleased to announce the publication of the following correspondence NATURE: WHALES: No mass strandings since sonar ban Antonio Fernandez, Manuel Arbelo, Vidal Martín Corresponding author: afernandez(a)dmor.ulpgc.es Institute of Animal Health, Veterinary School, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña S/N, 35416 Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain. SECAC. Lanzarote. Spain SCIENTISTS FROM INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL HEALTH AT UNIVERSITY OF LAS PALMAS DE GRAN CANARIA AND SECAC LED BY DR. ANTONIO FERNáNDEZ HAVE PUBLISHED CONCLUSIONS ON CETACEAN STRANDINGS´RESEARCH DONE DURING THE LAST 9 YEARS. CAUSES OF STRANDING AND DEATH HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED ON EACH STRANDED WHALE AND DOLPHIN IN THE CANARY ISLANDS. PROMPT POLITICAL ACTION MAY HAVE RESULTED IN A REMARKABLE CONSERVATION SUCCESS FOR WHALES AND DOLPHINS. THE CANARY ISLANDS USED TO BE A HOTSPOT FOR MASS STRANDINGS, BUT THERE HAVE BEEN NO MASS BEACHINGS SINCE THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT IMPOSED A MORATORIUM ON NAVAL EXERCISES IN THESE WATERS IN 2004. NAVAL SONAR OPERATIONS HAVE LONG BEEN IMPLICATED IN MASS STRANDINGS, PARTICULARLY OF BEAKED WHALES (R. FILADELFO /ET AL. AQUAT. MAMM. /35, 435–444; 2009). IN 2002, THE STRANDING OF 14 BEAKED WHALES IN THE CANARY ISLANDS WAS LINKED TO THE USE OF MID-FREQUENCY NAVAL SONAR IN THE AREA (P. D. JEPSON /ET AL. NATURE /425, 575–576; 2003). IN 2004, FOUR CUVIER’S BEAKED WHALES (/ZIPHIUS CAVIROSTRIS/) WERE STRANDED THERE AFTER AN INTERNATIONAL NAVAL EXERCISE (A. FERNáNDEZ /ET AL. J. MAR. SCI. RES. DEV/. 2, 2; 2012). THESE EVENTS PROMPTED THE SPANISH MORATORIUM AND LED THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT TO ISSUE A NON-BINDING RESOLUTION IN 2004 TO STOP THE DEPLOYMENT OF HIGH-INTENSITY SONAR UNTIL THE COMPLETION OF A GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF ITS CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ON MARINE LIFE.

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IBAC XXIV last call for Abstract submission
by Felipe Penin 20 May '13

20 May '13

My dear Bioacoustics Fellows, We have received a few requests to postpone (for the second time) the deadlines for abstracts submission for the XXIV IBAC. After a discussion that involved all the organizing committee, we decided to postpone the abstract submission deadline to June 1st (23:59 Brasilia Time). This is also the limit date for the early fees. Despite we are satisfied with the number of submissions (we now 150 submitted abstracts from over 30 different countries), we still have room to comfortably accommodate more papers. We are working hard to make this edition of IBAC unforgettable, so that we decided not to lose any papers because of time restrictions. Still, it is not possible to postpone it again, so if you have missed the chance to submit you paper because of time, this is you last chance! We would like to thank all of you that have already submitted your papers, and call those who haven’t to done so. We also have postponed Jacques Vielliard travel grants, so graduate and undergraduate students that have not submitted their papers yet, still have time to apply for the grant. We sure hope to hold an outstanding meeting in Brazil, keeping up to previous last IBAC editions. With our best regards, Felipe Penin and XXIV IBAC Organizing Committee Organizing Committee

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New paper on enamel and dentine ultrastructure in dolphins
by Carolina Loch 16 May '13

16 May '13

Dear MARMAM subscribers, We are pleased to announce the publication of the following paper in the current issue of Zoomorphology: Ultrastructure of enamel and dentine in extant dolphins (Cetacea: Delphinoidea and Inioidea) Carolina Loch, Warwick Duncan, Paulo C. Simões-Lopes, Jules A. Kieser and R. Ewan Fordyce doi:10.1007/s00435-012-0180-1 Volume 132, Issue 2, April 2013, Pages 215-225 Abstract Longitudinal and cross sections of teeth from 17 species of the Recent dolphins (Delphinoidea and Inioidea) were examined under scanning electron microscope to study the arrangement and ultrastructure of dental tissues with reference to phylogenetic and functional constraints. For most species, enamel had a simple bi-layered structure of radial enamel and an outer layer of prismless enamel. The outer prismless layer varied from 5 to 30 % of enamel thickness. The enamel of Burmeister’s porpoise (Phocoena spinipinnis) was entirely prismless. The prisms had an open sheath; tubules and tuft-like structures were common at the enamel-dentine junction. Cetacean dentine was characterized by irregularly distributed dentinal tubules in a relatively homogenous dentinal matrix. Radial enamel was observed in all Delphinoidea and in the franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei), whereas the Amazon river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis) had prisms organized in Hunter–Schreger bands. HSB in enamel are regarded as a device for resisting propagation of cracks. These may occur due to increased functional demands, possibly related to the hardness of the species diet. Simplification in tooth shape and reduced biomechanical demands plausibly explain the primitive radial organization among delphinoids and Pontoporia. The HSB structure in the Amazon river dolphin, similar to those of extinct archaeocetes, seems to have secondary functional implications. However, the distribution of HSB in more-basal odontocetes is too poorly known to judge whether the HSB of Inia are a retained plesiomorphic feature or convergence. Full text is available at: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00435-012-0180-1 Or alternatively, a pdf can be requested at: carolina.loch(a)otago.ac.nz Best regards, MSc. Carolina Loch Silva PhD Candidate Geology Department, University of Otago Dunedin 9054, New Zealand http://www.otago.ac.nz/geology/people/students/loch/index.html & Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos UFSCFlorianópolis, SC - Brasil

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Presenting Important New Findings on Orca Health in Captivity
by Marino, Lori 15 May '13

15 May '13

Dear MARMAM Subscribers - On behalf of the authors, I wish to announce an important new peer-reviewed study describing mosquito-borne diseases in captive orcas (killer whales). This study adds to our growing understanding of marine mammal health and wellbeing as well as documents am potentially important disease vulnerability in captive orcas. Citation: Jett, J.S., and Ventre, J. (2013). Orca (Orcinus orca) captivity and vulnerability to mosquito- transmitted viruses. Journal of Marine Animals and Their Ecology, 5(2):9-16. Abstract: Although unreported in wild orca populations, mosquito-transmitted diseases have killed at least two captive orcas (Orcinus orca) in U.S. theme parks. St. Louis encephalitis (SLEV) was implicated in the 1990 death of the male orca Kanduke, held at SeaWorld of Florida. In the second case, West Nile Virus (WNV) killed male orca Taku at Sea World of Texas in 2007. Captive environments increase vulnerability to mosquito-transmitted diseases in a variety of ways. Unlike their wild counterparts who are rarely stationary, captive orcas typically spend hours each day (mostly at night) floating motionless (logging) during which time biting mosquitoes access their exposed dorsal surfaces. Mosquitoes are attracted to exhaled carbon dioxide, heat and dark surfaces, all of which are present during logging behavior. Further, captive orcas are often housed in geographic locations receiving high ultraviolet radiation, which acts as an immunosuppressant. Unfortunately, many of these facilities offer the animals little shade protection. Additionally, many captive orcas are burdened with broken, ground and bored teeth through which bacteria enters the bloodstream, thus further compromising their ability to fight various pathogens. Given the often compromised health of captive orcas, and given that mosquito-transmitted viral outbreaks are likely to occur in the future, mosquito-transmitted diseases such as SLEV and WNV remain persistent health risks for captive orcas held in the U.S. Link to article: http://www.oers.ca/journal/volume5/issue2/caseReport_vol5iss2.pdf. Thank you, Lori Marino, Ph.D. Neuroscientist and Marine Mammal Scientist Emory University ________________________________ This e-mail message (including any attachments) is for the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential and privileged information. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, distribution or copying of this message (including any attachments) is strictly prohibited. If you have received this message in error, please contact the sender by reply e-mail message and destroy all copies of the original message (including attachments).

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Malcolm Clarke 1930-2013
by Rui Prieto 15 May '13

15 May '13

Dear all, It is with great sorrow that I have to inform you that Malcolm Clarke passed away last Friday due to heart failure. He rests in Pico Island (Azores, Portugal), where he and his wife Dot made residence many years ago. Most of us understand the great loss for science that Malcolm's passing represents. It is difficult for a marine mammalogist not to have come across his work from time to time. But Malcolm was not only an accomplished marine mammalogist but also a prolific researcher and well known in the fields of teuthology and parasitology. But perhaps only the lucky ones who had the opportunity to spend some time with him will fathom the great loss of a human being this also represents. Malcolm was an achiever. He never stopped working and having new ideas. He was passionate about his work and about life. He was a great teacher; his workshops on cephalopod beak identification are a testimony to that, but his teaching dimension went far above that. I learned much about how to think and act in science just by conversing with Malcolm and listening to his stories. Malcolm was also a hands-on scientist. He spent a good deal of time in Antarctica as a whaling inspector, dissected countless animals, invented new ways to probe deep in the specimens and take the most of them. He worked all over the World, carrying out research in South Africa (Cape Town, Durban & Port Elizabeth), Indonesia, Australia (Perth & Melbourne), New Zealand, USA (Florida & Hawaii), France, Portugal (Madeira & Azores), Spain (Canary Islands), Denmark, Faroe Islands and Norway. Even when his age and post meant he could just tell other people what to do; he didn't shy of diving in a full whale dissection or to go out to the sea in a small skiff. He was happy as a child when handling a gooey Haliphron atlanticus, as I've seen him doing at sea because he was unable to wait until we were back on land. The stories are endless; one that comes to mind right now took place in 1998, when Malcolm was 68 years old. We were out at sea trying to put satellite tags on sperm whales. Malcolm was present as a consultant but he didn't rest until he jumped in the small inflatable kayak and rowed towards the whales with two other colleagues. Back in the boat I didn't rest until they came back and Malcolm was safe and sound. But the grin on his face was worth every second of my despair. It wasn't his nature to just be there watching everything from the boat; he had to be part of it. even with a triple bypass. His hands-on approach meant that he had a deep knowledge of the anatomy, physiology and biology of his study subjects. That and his brilliant and ever inquisitive mind made him a great theorist. Malcolm became one of those rare biologists who creates new theories and lines of thought. Malcolm and Dot Married in 1958 and had four children. His work brought Malcolm and Dot to the Azores and I believe the land and people made them stay. They made home in Pico Island and instead of laying back and resting, sipping tea on a stretcher and watching whales from the comfort of his backyard (which has the most amazing view over a stretch of ocean where sperm whales often come close to land), Malcolm embarked in one of his greatest challenges. In his own words, he "planned, designed and constructed all the exhibits for my own museum on the biology of spermaceti whales and their cephalopod food. This museum has been open since 2003". That was done against all odds. Politicians offered their support, the merit of the idea was recognized and even the place was announced publicly: an old whaling factory in Pico. But these were pie-crust promises and soon were broken. Malcolm had a type of stubbornness that is called perseverance. Instead of giving up, Malcolm and Dot built a museum with their own hands, from the foundation to the ceiling, laying bricks at the same time they planned and developed the exhibit; literally all the exhibit contents were created by them, from the small pump-activated contraption from which you can feel the smell of ambergris, to the life-sized depiction of a pregnant sperm whale, not forgetting the anatomically correct, life-sized stuffed cephalopods cut and sewn by Dot. All along, Malcolm kept publishing. He left over 150 research contributions plus being editor of several books. He worked to the last day of his life. My apologies, but I have to stop here; Oh Malcolm, we will miss you. Rui Prieto Curriculum Vitae of Malcolm R.Clarke Born 1930 in UK. Married 1958 4 children. Education. 1979. D.Sc. Marine Zoology. Hull University, UK. 1959. Ph.D. Parasites of Marine Mammals. Hull University, 1955. B.Sc. Special. 2 i Zoology. Hull University. Career 1987-2013 Independent research (unpaid). 1972-1987. Marine Biological Association of the UK, Plymouth, UK Principal Scientific Officer and later Senior Principal Scientific Officer (Merit) 1958-1972. National Institute of Oceanography, Wormley, Surrey. Scientific officer and later Principal Scientific Officer. 1954-1955 Government Whaling Inspector in Antarctic. 1950-1951 Teacher in a Secondary Modern School in Scunthorpe 1948-1950 National Service in the Royal Army Medical Corps. Honours. 1981. Elected to Fellowship of The Royal Society, UK. 1989-2005. Visiting Professor. Liverpool University , 1990-2011. Visiting scholar. University of the Azores, Portugal. 1993-1997 Leverhulme Research Fellow. Research on cetacean physiology and anatomy. 2001-2003 Visiting Professor. National Institute of Atmospheric and Water Research, New Zealand. 2003 Visiting Professor, Kaichung University, Taiwan. Research has included 1. many aspects of the biology of cephalopods including their taxonomy, vertical and horizontal distribution, swimming, buoyancy, growth, 2. evolution and palaeontology of cephalopods. 3. study of the buoyancy control and the sound production, conduction and control in spermaceti whales. 4. dietary studies of many species of fish, birds, seals and cetaceans 5. calculations of biomass of cephalopods 6. development of new sampling gear and methods for catching and studying cephalopods including new trawls and the use of lights on trawls. Publications. Over 150 research contributions (mostly papers in international, refereed journals) and contributions to books. List attached. Editor or joint editor of 6 books including 1.'The identification of cephalopod beaks.' Oxford U.P, 2.'Cephalopod Paleontology and Neontology.' eds. Clarke & Truman. Vol 12, The Mollusca. Ed. Wilbur, 3.'Physiology ' eds. Truman & Clarke. Vol 9 The Mollusca. Ed. Wilbur, 4. 'Cephalopod Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution.' eds. Roeleveld, Lipinski &Clarke. South African Journal of Fisheries. Special vol. 5.'Identification of Cephalopod paralarva' Smithsonian special Vol., 6.'Deep Oceans' eds Herring & Clarke. Wiedenfeld & Nicholsen Field experience. 8 months served on a Whaling Factory Ship as a British Govt. whaling inspector and biologist and a total of over 6 years on various research ships including over 30 cruises as chief Scientist. Committees served on. Royal Society, National and International Committees concerned with deep sea research, global fisheries and research vessel design. Secretary for 6 years and President for 3 years and life member of the Cephalopod International Advisory Council. Consultant. Advice and service in the field has been provided on cetaceans and cephalopods for video productions by The National Geographic Society, USA. The BBC, UK. Discovery Channel. USA The Open University, UK. Pitcairn Productions, USA Windfall Films Ltd. London Talks. Public talks are occasionally given. Most recent were on 'Giant squids' 'In search of oceanic squids.' 'The importance of statoliths in the interpretation of coleoid evolution.' 'Sperm whale buoyancy'and 'Sound production and control in pigmy sperm whales.'. They were given in London, Berlin, Taiwan and Thailand Workshops and training courses. Three workshops have been organised on '"Identification of cephalopod beaks". Many post docs have been trained individually or in classes on the same subject Supervision. A number of Ph.D. students at Liverpool, Bangor, Aberdeen, Cambridge, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Canadian Universities as well as one D.Sc candidate have been supervised or examined. Work Abroad. Research has been carried out in South Africa (Cape Town, Durban & Port Elizabeth), Indonesia, Australia (Perth & Melbourne), New Zealand, USA (Florida & Hawaii), France, Portugal (Madeira & Azores), Spain (Canary Islands), Denmark, Faroe Islands, Norway Training. Post doctoral students and some doctoral students of Universities of England, Scotland, France, Spain, Portugal, Brazil, Australia and the USA have been personally trained in cephalopod and cephalopod beak identification. Editorial activities I have served on the editorial board of 'Arquipelago' and referee several papers each year for other international journals. Museum experience. I have worked in the London,, Washington (Smithsonian), Los Angeles, Melbourne (Australia), Wellington (N.Z.), Taipei (Taiwan), Tokyo, Cape Town and Port Elizabeth (South Africa) Museums and have examined the methods of exhibition in those as well as in Berlin, Paris and Santa Barbara Museums. >From that experience I planned, designed and constructed all the exhibits for my own museum on the biology of spermaceti whales and their cephalopod food. This museum has been open since 2003.

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