My co-authors and I are excited to share our newest publication on bycatch of marine mammals in San Matias Gulf, north Patagonia, Argentina. Citation: Romero, M. A., Flórez, L., Reinaldo, M. O., Machado, R., Coller, M., & Crespo, E. A. (2024). Bycatch in the balance: the trawl fisheries impact on South American sea lions in San Matias Gulf, with comments on other species. Marine Mammal Science, e13181. The full text is available here: https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.13181 Abstract Bycatch is recognized as the primary threat to the viability of marine mammal populations. Given that bycatch levels display strong variations in space and time, knowledge of individual fishery-marine mammal interaction will likely achieve working solutions. Here, we quantify marine mammal bycatch in the trawl fishery of the San Matías Gulf, Argentina, for the first time using data from onboard observers and fishing effort records. We infer expected annual mortality, evaluate the probability of exceeding conservation thresholds, and explore the importance of relevant covariates to account for broadscale differences in bycatch rates. The South American sea lion (*Otaria byronia*) was the most incidentally caught species (46 individuals), while only one common dolphin (*Delphinus delphis*) was taken. Bycatch of sea lions was primarily associated with the catch of the target species, proximity to colonies, and the identity of the target species. The maximum estimated bycatch rate was 0.12 animals/haul and 0.08 animals/tonne of target species landed, with significantly higher bycatch rates observed in the hake fleet. For the whole period, the annual bycatch mortality were below the reference points. Our findings highlight potential hotspots of marine mammal bycatch and provide valuable insights for refining future mitigation measures and enhancing conservation efforts. Please email me at scoates@marecotel.org if you have any questions. The article is not open access, so it is available upon request! Best regards, M. Alejandra Romero -- Dra. María Alejandra Romero Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni" - CONICET, Güemes 1030 – (8520) San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro. Argentina. Escuela Superior de Ciencias Marinas - Universidad Nacional del Comahue (IBMP-UNCo), San Martín 247 – (8520) San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro. Argentina. Tel/Fax: 54 (2934) 421002/430764 Email: romero.ale@gmail.com, aromero@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar