Dear colleagues,
my co-authors and I are pleased to announce our new publication in the PeerJ, entitled "The biosonar of the boto: evidence of differences among species of river dolphins (Inia spp.) from the Amazon".
Melo JF, Amorim TOS, Paschoalini M, Andriolo A. 2021. The
biosonar of the boto: evidence of differences among species of river dolphins (Inia spp.)
from the Amazon. PeerJ 9:e11105 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11105
Abstract
Echolocation clicks can reflect the anatomy of the vocalizing animal, enabling the distinction
of species. River dolphins from the family Iniidae are formally represented by one species and two subspecies (Inia
geoffrensis geoffrensis and I.
g. humboldtiana). Additionally, two other species have been proposed (I.
boliviensis and I.
araguaiaensis) regarding its level of restricted distribution and morph-genetics differences.
For the Committee on Taxonomy of the Society for Marine Mammalogy, the specific status of the proposed species relies on further knowledge on morphology, ecology, and genetics. Given that species-specific status is required for conservation efforts, we described
and compared the echolocation clicks of Inia spp.,
searching for specific differences on their vocalizations. The sounds were captured with a Cetacean Research ™ C54XRS (+3/−20 dB, −185 dB re: 1V/μPa) in Guaviare River (Orinoco basin), Madeira River (Madeira basin), Xingu River (Amazon Basin), and Araguaia
River (Tocantins-Araguaia basin). We found significant differences in all analyzed parameters (peak frequency, 3 dB bandwidth, 10 dB bandwidth and inter-click interval) for all species and subspecies. Differences in acoustical parameters of clicks are mainly
related to the animal’s internal morphology, thus this study may potentially support with information for the species-level classification mostly of I.
araguaiaensis (the
Araguaian boto). Classifying the Araguaian boto separately from I.
geoffrensis has
important implications for the species in terms of conservation status, since it is restricted to a highly impacted river system.
Best wishes,
Jéssica Melo
Jéssica Fernandes de Melo, MsC
Pesquisadora – CNPq (PCI-D)
GP Mamíferos Aquáticos Amazônicos
Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá