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Today's Topics:
1. New publication on the role of morphology and body size in
heat conservation and dissipation (Stephanie Adamczak)
2. Interdisciplinary PhD Position: Marine Mammal Ecology & One
Health (University of Maine) (Kristina Cammen)
3. Information on Cetacean Data Collection or Research done in
Colombian (Carole V)
4. Invitation to Present at ICUA2020 (GMail)
5. New paper about effects of multiple exposures to pile driving
noise on harbor porpoise hearing during simulated flights
(Schaffeld, Tobias)
6. New paper on the identification of a humpback whale breeding
ground in the Mariana Archipelago (Marie Hill - NOAA Affiliate)
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Message: 1
Date: Tue, 4 Feb 2020 12:39:29 -0800
From: Stephanie Adamczak <sadamcza@ucsc.edu>
To: marmam@lists.uvic.ca
Subject: [MARMAM] New publication on the role of morphology and body
size in heat conservation and dissipation
Message-ID:
<CAOwUxehdhyzAs8mPY+jjsRQTNZ8FKKmsB8UiXHkK=wjFekV5cQ@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Dear MARMAM,
My colleagues and I are excited to announce our new publication assessing
the role that body and appendage morphology plays in heat dissipation and
conservation in pilot whales and implications for ecogeographic roles. The
article has been published in the Journal of Biogeography, available here
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.13796.
Please feel free to contact me at sadamcza@ucsc.edu if you have any
questions.
Abstract
Aim
The aim of this study was to determine if marine mammals follow
ecogeographic rules. We examined Bergmann's rule and Allen's rule in two
pilot whale species with contrasting latitudinal distributions.
Location
Northwest Atlantic Ocean.
Taxon
*Globicephala *spp.
Methods
We analysed morphometric data collected from strandings of short? and
long?finned pilot whales in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean to assess
intraspecific and interspecific variation in surface area to volume ratios
(SA:V) of the body core and appendage surface area relative to body core SA
(normalized appendage SA) using a novel 3D modelling method.
Results
Our results suggest that ecogeographic variation in morphometrics between
the two pilot whale species is consistent with morphological adaptations
required to balance heat conservation and heat dissipation. Interspecific
differences in morphology supported Bergmann's rule for fully grown
individuals: the more temperate long?finned pilot whale had a larger body
size and lower body core SA:V than the short?finned pilot whale, which has
a more tropical distribution. Allen's rule was not supported; when all
appendages were considered together, long?finned pilot whales had larger
normalized SA than short?finned pilot whales. However, the pectoral
flippers were the primary driver of this relationship; while long?finned
pilot whales had proportionally larger pectoral flippers, short?finned
pilot whales had proportionally larger dorsal fins and flukes. In addition,
larger long?finned pilot whales (i.e. males and mature individuals) had
proportionally larger pectoral flippers than smaller long?finned pilot
whales.
Main Conclusions
Pilot whales follow Bergmann's rule but do not follow Allen's rule when
fully mature. Thinly insulated appendages in marine mammals can be used to
dissipate heat as the core warms, and larger and better insulated marine
mammals may require relatively larger appendages in order to offload heat
and thermoregulate effectively. Our results provide novel insight into
ecogeographic rules and suggest that species in higher latitude climates
towards the poles will demonstrate tradeoffs between core body heat
conservation and appendage heat dissipation.
--
_______________________
Stephanie K. Adamczak, M.S.
Ph.D. Student, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
University of California Santa Cruz
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Message: 2
Date: Wed, 5 Feb 2020 08:11:23 -0500
From: Kristina Cammen <kristina.cammen@maine.edu>
To: marmam@lists.uvic.ca
Subject: [MARMAM] Interdisciplinary PhD Position: Marine Mammal
Ecology & One Health (University of Maine)
Message-ID:
<CAO_1K8Q=F3wBHcnRV=9Lj8QsoyLmqeO-irZ90W7ZWwcMbdks=w@mail.gmail.com>
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As part of a new National Science Foundation Research Traineeship (NRT)
program in Convergence of Social and Biophysical Sciences to Optimize
Training in One Health, the University of Maine seeks to hire a PhD student
to study marine mammal disease ecology and ocean health. The student will
be expected to take an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the
biological, ecological, and social drivers of disease outbreaks in gray and
harbor seals in the North Atlantic. We anticipate that immunogenomic
sequencing and epidemiology-informed population models will be used to
explore differential species susceptibility, and stakeholder surveys will
be used to assess the incorporation of disease risk and public perception
in the protected species management decision-making process. The student
will also have the opportunity to participate in a related internship with
a state, regional, or federal agency or non-profit partner to gain direct
experience with relevant policy.
The student will be co-advised by Dr. Kristina Cammen (http://cammenlab.org)
and Dr. Carly Sponarski (https://umaine.edu/sponarskilab/). Graduate
students can join our labs through the School of Marine Sciences or Ecology
and Environmental Sciences programs at the University of Maine,
located in Orono,
an hour to the ocean and an hour and a half to Maine?s highest peak. As
part of the new NRT program, the student will enter these programs as a
member of an interdisciplinary cohort of PhD and MS students who share
similar interests across One Health. For more information about the
interdisciplinary graduate training program in One and the Environment, see
our program website here: https://nsfa.umaine.edu/one-health/one-health-nrt/
The successful candidate must have a strong background in marine mammal
ecology and/or ecological genomics, as well as a demonstrated interest in
human dimensions of wildlife and/or wildlife policy. Prior experience with
genetics, genomics, and/or bioinformatics will be particularly
beneficial. Individuals
who are intellectually curious, responsible, willing to learn,
team-oriented, and have attention to detail are encouraged to apply. An
M.S. in a related field is preferred, but qualified candidates with
extensive experience will be considered.
The selected candidate is guaranteed an annual stipend, free tuition and
fees, and subsidized health insurance coverage for two years supported by
the current NSF grant. We anticipate that subsequent years of support will
be provided through a combination of teaching assistantships, research
assistantships, and student-awarded fellowships. Students must be U.S.
citizens or permanent residents to receive NRT funding. As part of the
National Science Foundation?s and our commitment to broadening
participation, we especially encourage women, underrepresented minorities,
first-generation students, veterans, and students with disabilities to
apply.
To apply, please send a cover letter describing your qualifications, why you
are interested in pursuing a PhD and in this NRT program in particular, and
your prior experience working in interdisciplinary teams. Please also send
a curriculum vitae, unofficial transcripts, and the contact information for
at least three references. All application materials should be sent to
kristina.cammen@maine.edu <Kristina.cammen@maine.edu> with ?Marine Mammal
Health PhD Student Search? as the subject line of your email. All
applications received before February 21, 2020 will receive full
consideration, and applications will be accepted on a rolling basis
thereafter until the position is filled. A start date of September 2020 is
strongly preferred.
The University of Maine is an EEO/AA employer and does not discriminate on
the grounds of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, including
transgender status and gender expression, national origin, citizenship
status, age, disability, genetic information or veteran?s status in
employment, education, and all other programs and activities. Please
contact the Director of Equal Opportunity, 101 N. Stevens Hall, Orono, ME
04469 at 207-581-1226 (voice), TTY 711 (Maine Relay System), or
equal.opportunity@maine.edu with questions or concerns.
--
Kristina Cammen
Assistant Professor of Marine Mammal Science
School of Marine Sciences
5735 Hitchner Hall, Rm 151A
University of Maine
Orono, ME 04469
Email: kristina.cammen@maine.edu
Phone: 207-581-2820
cammenlab.org
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Message: 3
Date: Tue, 4 Feb 2020 20:24:53 +0000 (UTC)
From: Carole V <carola_vo@yahoo.ca>
To: marmam@lists.uvic.ca
Subject: [MARMAM] Information on Cetacean Data Collection or Research
done in Colombian
Message-ID: <1388363563.316011.1580847893251@mail.yahoo.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
We are agroup of Colombian scientists who are gathering information on previouscetacean research studies done in Colombia. We are creating this data base withthe objective of determining what research(es) had been done (when, where, whatspecies and which subjects? matter).
Theinformation provided and gathered will be used for the process of designatedImportant Marine Mammals Area(s) IMMAs. These areas are defined by the MarineMammal Protected Areas Task Force as a discrete portion of habitat, importantto marine mammal species, that have the potential to be delineated and managedfor conservation. We are considering the importance of these area for Colombianwaters. These areas may serve as protection and/or monitoring and can be seenas indicative of biodiversity and potential ecosystem health for considerationby governments, intergovernmental organizations, conservation groups and thegeneral public (Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force) For this reason, weneed as much robust information on this matter.
If someonehas information about this region such as: thesis (bachelors/Master)manuscripts, approved or in transition articles, data collected and notprocess, we are welcoming all such information. You can contact Ann CaroleVallejo at ann.carole.vallejo@gamil.com or Dalia C. Barragan Barrera at daliac.barraganbarrera@gmail.com
?
Beforehand,we would like to thank you for your time and contribution to this recollection.
Kind Regards,?
Ann Carole Vallejo
Ann Carole VallejoExecutive Director and Lead ResearcherMSc. Nordic Marine Ecosystems and ClimateR&E Ocean Community Conservation Foundation
Oakville, ON, Canada, L6M 5H5t: +57 (300) 281-0324Wapp: +1 (289) 885-3930Email: carole.vallejo@oceancommunityconservation.orgwww.oceancommunityconservation.org
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Ocean Community Conservation
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The content of this e-mail isintended solely for the use of the individual or entity to whom it isaddressed. If you have received this communication in error, be aware thatforwarding it, copying it, or in any way disclosing its content to any other person,is strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error,please notify the author by replying to this e-mail immediately.?
?
Please consider the environmentbefore printing this email or it's attachments.
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Message: 4
Date: Mon, 3 Feb 2020 15:03:14 +0000
From: GMail <peterdobbins1@gmail.com>
To: marmam@lists.uvic.ca
Subject: [MARMAM] Invitation to Present at ICUA2020
Message-ID: <6F677322-1354-422A-B02E-F6C6A66A51B1@gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
ICUA2020 presentation invitation
All are invited to give a presentation in the session entitled Bioacoustics, at the International Conference on Underwater Acoustics (ICUA) 2020 organised by the Underwater Acoustics Group of the Institute of Acoustics. This conference will take place in Southampton (United Kingdom) from 6-10 July 2020.
Abstract submission with the deadline of the 14 February is through the conference website at http://icua2020.org/
Delegates are expected to fund their own participation and pay the registration fee. Presentation lengths will be 15 minutes with 5 minutes for questions, and the precise timings of presentations will be decided after abstracts have been accepted.
If you require a visa, please refer to the UK Government website.
Further information from the address below and I, along with the other conference organisers, look forward to your participation.
Dr Peter F Dobbins
20 Broad Close
Winterborne Kingston
Blandford Forum
Dorset UK
DT11 9BL
+44 (0)7949 836503
peterdobbins1@gmail.com
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Message: 5
Date: Thu, 6 Feb 2020 10:00:51 +0000
From: "Schaffeld, Tobias" <Tobias.Schaffeld@tiho-hannover.de>
To: "marmam@lists.uvic.ca" <marmam@lists.uvic.ca>
Subject: [MARMAM] New paper about effects of multiple exposures to
pile driving noise on harbor porpoise hearing during simulated flights
Message-ID: <cb32c04a7b4b4ac49c4d7850966f4e31@tiho-hannover.de>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Dear MarMam community and colleagues,
My Co-Authors and I are pleased to advertise our recent publication. We investigated the potential for a temporary threshold shift in harbour porpoises from the reception of multiple pile driving strikes during simulated flights. We present a novel and easy to apply evaluation tool, which sheds a light on a gap in current protective regulations. This evaluation tool can be easily tested and adjusted for other scenarios by the provided code, written in R.
Citation:
Tobias Schaffeld, Joseph G. Schnitzler, Andreas Ruser, Benno Woelfing, Johannes Baltzer and Ursula Siebert (2019). ?Effects of multiple exposure to pile-driving noise on harbor porpoise hearing during simulated flights - an evaluation tool,? J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 147, Issue 2, 4288?4298.
Download link:
https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0000595
Abstract:
Exploitation of renewable energy from offshore wind farms is substantially increasing worldwide. The majority of wind turbines are bottom mounted, causing high levels of impulsive noise during construction. To prevent temporary threshold shifts (TTS) in harbor porpoise hearing, single strike sound exposure levels (SELSS) are restricted in Germany by law to a maximum of 160?dB re 1 ?Pa2s at a distance of 750?m from the sound source. Underwater recordings of pile driving strikes, recorded during the construction of an offshore wind farm in the German North Sea, were analyzed. Using a simulation approach, it was tested whether a TTS can still be induced under current protective regulations by multiple exposures. The evaluation tool presented here can be easily adjusted for different sound propagation, acoustic signals, or species and enables one to calculate a minimum deterrence distance. Based on this simulation approach, only the combination of SELSS regulation, previous dete!
rrence, and soft start allow harbor porpoises to avoid a TTS from multiple exposures. However, deterrence efficiency has to be monitored..
Do not hesitate to contact me for further questions.
Thanks for your interest!
With kind regards
Tobias Schaffeld
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Tobias Schaffeld
Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW)
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation
Werftstr. 6 / 25761 B?sum / Germany
Tel +49 511 856 8164 / Fax +49 511 856-8181
http://www.tiho-hannover.de/kliniken-institute/institute/institut-fuer-terrestrische-und-aquatische-wildtierforschung/
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Message: 6
Date: Thu, 6 Feb 2020 06:44:03 -1000
From: Marie Hill - NOAA Affiliate <marie.hill@noaa.gov>
To: marmam@lists.uvic.ca
Subject: [MARMAM] New paper on the identification of a humpback whale
breeding ground in the Mariana Archipelago
Message-ID:
<CAMh+2QzAuM_Y1bsdiumeReM1DBLnuvTtN_nZ-+ApAQqf42xdHA@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
On behalf of my co-authors, I am happy to announce the publication of our
new article in Endangered Species Research entitled "Found: a missing
breeding ground for endangered western North Pacific humpback whales in the
Mariana Archipelago." It is open access and can be downloaded here:
https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01010.
We prepared a web story with the highlights of the study:
https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/international-whales-mystery-uncovering-identity-humpback-whales-breeding-mariana
.
Reference:Marie C. Hill*, Amanda L. Bradford, Debbie Steel, C. Scott Baker,
Allan D. Ligon, Adam C. ?, Jo Marie V. Acebes, Olga A. Filatova, Siri
Hakala, Nozomi Kobayashi, Yukari Morimoto, Haruna Okabe, Ryosuke Okamoto,
Julie Rivers, Takayuki Sato, Olga V. Titova, Robert K. Uyeyama, Erin M.
Oleson
ABSTRACT: Humpback whales *Megaptera novaeangliae* that breed in the
western North Pacific (WNP) are listed as endangered under the US
Endangered Species Act. Previous research in the WNP concluded that the
full extent of humpback whale breeding areas is unknown. Recovering this
endangered population requires identifying all associated breeding grounds
and potential threats in those locations. Prior to 2015, humpback whales
were known to occur in the Mariana Archipelago (within the WNP), but their
population identity and habitat use there were unknown. To determine the
population identity of humpback whales in the Mariana Archipelago and
whether the area serves as a breeding ground for these whales, small-boat
photo-identification and biopsy sampling surveys were conducted in the
southern portion of the archipelago during February and March 2015-2018. A
total of 14 mother-calf pairs and 27 other non-calf whales were
encountered. Seven non-calves were re-sighted in multiple years, including
4 females associated with calves in one or more years. Competitive behavior
was observed in multiple years. Comparisons with other North Pacific
humpback whale catalogs resulted in matches to breeding (Japan and
Philippines) and feeding (Russia) grounds in the WNP. DNA profiling of 28
biopsy samples identified 24 individuals (14 females, 10 males)
representing 7 mitochondrial DNA haplotypes. The haplotype frequencies from
the Mariana Archipelago showed the greatest identity with the Ogasawara
breeding ground and Commander Islands feeding ground in the WNP. This study
establishes the Mariana Archipelago as a breeding area for endangered WNP
humpback whales, which should be considered in ongoing research and
conservation efforts.
Please contact me with questions or help with the files.
________________
Marie C. Hill
Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
Protected Species Division - Cetacean Research Program
1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg. 176, Honolulu, HI 96818
marie.hill@noaa.gov
808-725-5710
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